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原文： Historians sometimes forget that history is continually being made and experienced before it is studied, interpreted, and read. These latter activities have their own history, of course, which may impinge in unexpected ways on public events. It is difficult to predict when “new pasts” will overturn established historical interpretations and change the course of history. In the fall of 1954, for example, C. Vann Woodward delivered a lecture series at the University of Virginia that challenged the prevailing dogma concerning the history, continuity, and uniformity of racial segregation in the South. He argued that the Jim Crow laws of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries not only codified traditional practice but also were a determined effort to erase the considerable progress made by black people during and after Reconstruction in the 1870’s. This revisionist view of Jim Crow legislation grew in part from the research that Woodward had done for the NAACP legal campaign during its preparation for Brown v. Board of Education. The Supreme Court had issued its ruling in this epochal desegregation case a few months before Woodward’s lectures. The lectures were soon published as a book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow. Ten years later, in a preface to the second revised edition, Woodward confessed with ironic modesty that the first edition “had begun to suffer under some of the handicaps that might be expected in 1776.” That was a bit like hearing Thomas Paine apologize for the timing of his pamphlet Common Sense, which had a comparable impact. Although Common Sense also had a mass readership, Paine had intended to reach and inspire: he was not a historian, and thus not concerned with accuracy of the dangers of historical anachronism. Yet, like Paine, Woodward had an unerring sense of the revolutionary moment and of how historical evidence could undermine the mythological tradition that was crushing the dreams of new social possibilities. Martin Luther King Jr. testified to the profound effect of The Strange Career of Jim Crow on the civil rights movement by praising the book and quoting it frequently.
131. Which of the following is the best example of writing that is likely to be subject to the kinds of “handicaps” referred to in the passage? C
A. a history of an auto manufacturing plant written by an employee during an auto buying boom
B. a critique of a statewide school-desegregation plan written by an elementary school teacher in that state
C. a newspaper article assessing the historical importance of a United States president written shortly after the president has taken office
D. a scientific paper describing the benefits of a certain surgical technique written by the surgeon who developed the technique
E. diary entries narrating the events of a battle written by a soldier who participated in the battle 131 这题跟这篇第一题关系密切, 在第一段的主题说new pasts如何对历史产生影响,并改变了历史的 第二段举例说这本书The Strange Career of Jim Crow的出版的背景,段尾到出版时间是:The Supreme Court had issued its ruling in this epochal desegregation case a few months before Woodward’s lectures. The lectures were soon published as a book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow. 文章最后引用马丁路德金的话说这本书产生的历史作用.Martin Luther King Jr. testified to the profound effect of The Strange Career of Jim Crow on the civil rights movement by praising the book and quoting it frequently.
在第二段到文章结束又提到另一个作品,也是在某个重大历史事件发生后不久创作的并影响了历史:common sense C选项就符合这个特点:时间shortly after ,事件: the president has taken office 整篇文章的目的就是说new pasts如何对历史产生影响,并改变了历史的. 回头再看这篇文章的第一题问什么是new pasts,会感觉这篇文章没那么难
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发表于 2007-9-27 04:35:00
