[求助]两道题～～～不会解

Anniesmiling

1. The country of Maravia has severe air pollution,80 percent of which is caused by the exhaust fumes of cars. In order to reduce the number of cars on the road,the government is raising taxes on the cost of buying and running a car by 20 percent. This tax increase,therefore will significantly reduce air pollution in Maravia.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

A. The government of Maravia is in the process of building a significant number of roadways.

B. Maravia is an oil-producing country and is able to refine an amount of gasoline sufficient for the needs of its population.

C. Maravia has had an excellent public transportation system for many years.

D. Ninety percent of the population of Maravia is very prosperous and has a substantial amount of disposable income.

E. In Maravia, cars that emit relatively low levels of pollutants cost 10 percent less to operate, on average, than do cars that emit high levels of pollutants.

选D

2. Most geologists believe oil results from chemical transformations of hydrocarbons derived from organisms buried under ancient seas. Suppose, instead, that oil actually results from bacterial action on other complex hydrocarbons that are trapped within the Earth. As is well known, the volume of these hydrocarbons exceeds that of buried organisms. Therefore, our oil reserves would be greater than most geologists believe.

Which of the following, if true, gives the strongest support to the argument above about our oil reserves?

A. Most geologists think optimistically about the Earth's reserves of oil.

B. Most geologists have performed accurate chemical analyses on previously discovered oil reserves.

C. Ancient seas are buried within the Earth at many places where fossils are abundant.

D. The only bacteria yet found in oil reserves could have leaked down drill holes from surface contaminants.

E. Chemical transformations reduce the volume of buried hydrocardons derived from organisms by roughly the same proportion as bacterial acton reduces the volume of other complex hydrocarbons.

选E

不知以上两题点解？？？不知哪位大虾可以帮帮小妹？谢谢啦～～～

sophia_cc

1.政府的目的是：减少道路上的汽车

  采取的方式是：征税—增加开车的成本，认为增加成本就会降低汽车数量。

  D在这里是这个计划没有意义，因为即人们不在乎多交点钱，那么通过增加成本的方式就不能减少汽车了

2.因为：hydrocarbon 比 organisms多，而石油是来自于hydrocarbon的

  所以：石油储量比预想的要多

  hydrocarbon 、organisms与oil reserves不是一回事，要由前边两者的比较得出后边的结论，需要将两种概念建立联系，E在这里给出了联系，same proportion ，即h和o, 生成oil的比例是一样的.

Anniesmiling

哈哈～～～太感谢sophia_cc啦～～～我知了！