GWD-26-7-9

jennysong77

Q7 to Q9

There is no consensus among

researchers regarding what qualifies a

substance as a pheromone .While most

Line  agree on a basic definition of pheromones

(5)  as chemicals released by one individual

    of a species which, when detected by

    another individual of the same species,

   elicit a specific behavioral or physiological

   response, some researchers also specify

(10) that the response to pheromones must be

   unconscious. In addition, the distinction

   between pheromones and odorants (添味剂)—

   chemicals that are consciously detected

   as odors---can be blurry, and some

(15) researchers classify pheromones as a

type of odorant. Evidence that pheromone

responses may not involve conscious odor

perception comes from the finding that in

many species, pheromones are processed

(20) by the vomeronasal (or accessory olfactory嗅觉的)

    system, which uses a special structure in

the nose, the vomeronasal organ (VNO),

to receive chemical signals. The neural

connections between the VNO and the

(25) brain are separate from those of the main

Olfactory(嗅觉的)system, whose processing of

odorants triggers sensations of smell. But
                

while the VNO does process many animal

pheromone signals, not all animal phero-

(30) mones work through the VNO. Conversely,

not all chemical signals transmitted via the

VNO qualify as pheromones. For example,

garter snakes detect a chemical signal from

earthworms—one of their favorite foods—via

(35) the VNO, and they use this signal to track

their prey.

 

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Q7

It can be inferred from the passage that

in classifying pheromones as a type of

odorant, the researchers referred to in

line 15 posit that

A.       pheromones are perceived

consciously

B.        most pheromones are processed

by the VNO

C.       most chemical signals processed

by the VNO are pheromones

D.       Pheromone perception does not

occur exclusively between mem-

bers of the same species.

E.        pheromones do not always elicit

a specific behavioral or physio-

logical response

answer:

答案为a

Q9

The primary purpose of the pas-

sage is to

A.     compare and contrast the ways

in which the vomeronasal organ

and the main olfactory systern

process chemicals.

B.     summarize the debate over the

role the vomeronasal organ

plays in odor perception

C.     present some of the issues

involved in the debate over

what constitutes a pheromone

D.     propose a new definition of

pheromones based on recent

research

E.      argue that pheromones should be

classified as a type of odorant

答案为e

这篇文章读的不太懂，尤其是结构不好把握，请大家帮我分析一下，以及 这两道题。