请教逻辑，谢谢

春天的花儿会开

1、With a record number of new companies starting up in Derderia, and with previously established companies adding many new jobs, a record number of new jobs were created last year in the Derderian economy. This year, previously established companies will not be adding as many new jobs overall as such companies added last year. Therefore, unless
a record number of companies start up this year, Derderia will not break its record for
new jobs created.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
A. In a given year, new companies starting up create more new jobs on average than
do previously established companies.
B. The number of people seeking employment is no larger this year than it was last
year.
C. This year, the new companies starting up will not provide substantially more jobs
per company than did new companies last year.
D. Previously established companies in Derderia will be less profitable this year than
such companies were last year.
E. The number of jobs created in the Derderian economy last year was substantially
larger than the number of jobs lost.
Answer: C
C如何是个假设？
2、Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation  of the studies?
A. The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.
B. Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to
tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than
when the tray has no logo.
C. In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did
not possess credit cards.
D. In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do
those who pay by credit card.
E. The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases
when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is
prepared.
the key:B

lixiaoyang

第一题:新增的工作机会由两部分构成,老公司和新公司提供的,寻求假设,既然老公司不行了,必然要求新公司zenmeyang
第二题:用一个特殊人群的例子直接支持j结论

kathy72

1. 工作机会=老公司+ 新公司, 其中, 新公司增加的工作机会=新开公司数目*每个公司增加的工作机会

文章说老公司增加的工作机会少于去年, 因此要保持新增工作机会不减少,要求有更多的新公司开张以提供更多的工作机会.
由于影响新公司增加的工作机会受到两个变量的影响, 因此需回定其中一个变量. 所以C是所需的假设.

2. 前提: 用现金付帐的人看到LOGO 小费给得多.
    结论: LOGO 提醒拥有信用卡的顾客他们的实际的支付能力大于现金支付能力.说明LOGO 有心理暗示的作用.
因此B正确, LOGO提醒他们财务状况不好, 付小费少.
AC 是削弱, 说顾客行为与信用卡无关.与原文结论相反.
D 是无关选项, 文章讨论的重点应是LOGO的作用, 而不是付现金和信用卡的人谁给的小费多.
同理,E 也是一个OUT OF SCOPE 的选项.

春天的花儿会开

谢谢两位,明白！！