The true scientific significance of a group of unusual fossils discovered by the paleontologist Charles Walcott is more likely to be reflected in a recent classification than it was in Walcott’s own classification. Walcott was, after all, a prominent member of the scientific establishment. His classifications are thus unlikely to have done anything but confirm what established science had already taken to be true.
Which one of the following most accurately describes a questionable technique used in the argument? This is a method of reasoning type of question. You have to find the fault reasoning in the argument. For this type of problem you have to understand the argument and abstract the method of reasoning from it.
(A) It draws conclusions about the merit of a position and about the content of that position from evidence about the position’s source. Bingo this describe the method of reasoning of this argument exactly. and this argument has a major flaw, that's why it is questionable. The Logical flaw is Circular reasoning. Because you can not use your theory to prove you are right. merit of a position is Walcott us a prominent member of the scientific establishment. content of that position: is the Walcott’s own classification. position’s source: is Walcott itself.
(B) It cites two pieces of evidence, each of which is both questionable and unverifiable, and uses this evidence to support its conclusions. It does sites two pieces of evidence both not all are questionable.
(C) It bases a conclusion on two premises that contradict each other and minimizes this contradiction by the vagueness of the terms employed. The two premises are not contradicted with each other.
(D) It attempts to establish the validity of a claim, which is otherwise unsupported, by denying the truth of the opposite of that claim. In the argument, it does not denying the truth of he opposite of that claim. This is describing other form of logical flaw.
(E) It analyzes the past on the basis of social and political categories that properly apply only to the present and uses the results of this analysis to support its conclusion. The argument did not analyzes the past on the basis of social and political categories
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