11TH OG-56 （搜索了，没找到讨论）

mengyuan

Social scientists are underpresented on the advisory councils of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Since these councils advise NIH directors and recommend policy, the underpresentation of social scientists results in a relative lack of NIH financial support for research in the social sciences.

If the statements bove are correct, they most strongly support which of the following?

A. Asignificant increase in the size of NIH advisory councils would be required in order to increase the representation of social scientists on these councils.

B. A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils owuld result in an increase in NIH funding for social science research.

C. A significant increase in funding for social science research would result in improved policy recommendations to NIH directors.

D. a significant increase in funding for the training of social scientists would result in an increase in hte number of social scientistes on NIH advisory councils.

E. A significant increase in the representation of social scientists on NIH advisory councils would have to precede any increase in the number on NIH directors who are social scientists.

答案是B，能理解，D答案错误，也能理解。但想请教一下，如果D的答案中的training 改为social science research，D答案和B答案哪个更好？还是两个都行。这涉及到一个思路问题，新手，请大家指教。谢谢。

SPARTAN_117

仍然是B。原文只阐述了一个观点：资金缺乏是人少导致的（因此增加人头会有望改善资金问题，即答案）。但原文没有任何信息表明资金多了可能产生什么后果，不管是用于哪方面的资金。这是何为因何为果的问题。

mengyuan

理解，谢谢2楼！

但脑袋里的浆糊还没解开。答案B就是原文的逆命题，而D（指修改后的D）则是原文的逆否命题，按道理应该是修改后的D才是正确。我觉得我应该是没掌握到逆否命题的精髓，恳请指点。

liubin1987

以下是引用mengyuan在2007-2-9 2:38:00的发言：

理解，谢谢2楼！

但脑袋里的浆糊还没解开。答案B就是原文的逆命题，而D（指修改后的D）则是原文的逆否命题，按道理应该是修改后的D才是正确。我觉得我应该是没掌握到逆否命题的精髓，恳请指点。

不是很同意LZ的说法,答案B是原文的否命题,而非逆命题.

原命题:科学家少-->资金少

B选项: 科学家多-->资金多

而D的确是原文的逆否命题,但D即使按LZ说的改了那里后还不能选的原因是result这个词...正如2楼所说的,没有给出信息点说资金多引起科学家多.

如果把这个result改成reflect 这样的类似"反映出"的词,是完全正确的.

原命题正确,逆否命题一定正确

mengyuan

以下是引用liubin1987在2007-2-9 21:31:00的发言：

如果把这个result改成reflect 这样的类似"反映出"的词,是完全正确的.

谢谢liubin1987，终于开了茅塞。