这个黑脸题为什么选D 我选的E,请高手帮忙！

jameswei0605

Historian:  Newton developed mathematical concepts and techniques that are fundamental to modern calculus.  Leibniz developed closely analogous concepts and techniques.  It has traditionally been thought that these discoveries were independent.  Researchers have, however, recently discovered notes of Leibniz’ that discuss one of Newton’s books on mathematics.  Several scholars have argued that since the book includes a presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques, and since the notes were written before Leibniz’ own development of calculus concepts and techniques, it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false.  A more cautious conclusion than this is called for, however.  Leibniz’ notes are limited to early sections of Newton’s book, sections that precede the ones in which Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques are presented.

 

In the historian’s reasoning, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

 

1. The first provides evidence in support of the overall position that the historian defends; the second is evidence that has been used to support an opposing position.
2. The first provides evidence in support of the overall position that the historian defends; the second is that position.
3. The first provides evidence in support of an intermediate conclusion that is drawn to provide support for the overall position that the historian defends; the second provides evidence against that intermediate conclusion.
4. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is evidence offered in support of the historian’s own position.
5. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is further information that substantiates that evidence.

LOUI1121

我觉的D不对呀，作者没有CRITICIZE那个CONCLUSION呀，我认为C比较好。

jameswei0605

啊 请问哪个高手有这个题的汇总，请发个连接！谢谢！

schlafen

題意是這樣

歷史學家：牛頓的算學理論和萊布尼茲的某理論原本被認為是獨立的（各自發明的理論），後來有學者新發現一本萊布尼茲的著作，裡面講到牛頓的理論，因為這本書寫於萊布尼茲提出某理論之前，所以學者認為傳統想法是錯的（意指萊布尼茲的理論衍生於牛頓理論）。然而，萊布尼茲那本書只講到牛頓理論的很早期發展，那時候還沒發展到算學理論。（意指他抄也沒抄到牛老大的算書，所以兩理論可能還是獨自發明的）

C. The first provides evidence in support of an intermediate conclusion that is drawn to provide support for the overall position that the historian defends; the second provides evidence against that intermediate conclusion.
            

第一段並不是歷史學家捍衛的理論，錯。

D. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is evidence offered in support of the historian’s own position.
            

D對，確定。

E. The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion that the historian criticizes; the second is further information that substantiates that evidence.

第一段敘述對；第二段錯，第二段並不是進一步實質化第一段敘述。