feifei-17题请教mindfree和各位大牛

dandan74

17. Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?
(A) Astrologers have not subjected their claims to rigorous experimentation.
(B) The personality differences between the two individuals cannot be explained by the cultural difference between Toronto and New York.
(C) The geographical difference between Toronto and New York did not result in the two individuals having different horoscopes.
(D) Complete birth records for the past 40 years were kept at both hospitals.
(E) Identical twins have identical genetic structures and usually have similar home environments.

这道题我觉得读起来非常的别扭，主要是因为作者不是在支持一种观点，而是反对，在分析它的reasoning的时候，觉得很混乱，assumption的题目有两类：搭桥和排除他因，但这个题因为作者本来就是在weaken，所以assumption正好倒了过来，变成了有他因C，也就是和作者一起weaken原来的结论，我的理解对吗？ 你们是怎莫解这道题的呢？但觉得B也有点像答案。。。

dorbear

[face=Verdana]The Answer is (C)

This is a little bit tricky. If we have an argument as follows:

"John and Smith have different horoscopes which result in their different personalities,", then we can feel safe to say the exclusion of culture differences is the assumption of the above argument.

In terms of this question, we have a different argument stem described as:

"Though geographical difference, John and Smith were given brith at the exact same time, and they have different personalities => Horoscopes are not the determinant of personalities"

Here we can sense the gap between two person born at the same time and two person have identical horoscope, and this leads to the assumptions such as:

"Horoscope depends solely on the time when person was born",

or put from a different angle:

"Nothing else except the birth date result in person's horoscope", which is exactly what the answer C is trying to tell.

What need looking at carefully is no matter how culture differences matters in establishing personalities has no bearing on the validity of the original arugment.[/face]

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-28 16:06:45编辑过]

seanql

psychologist认为horoscope not completely determine personality.事实上personality会因为不同地方（不同地方有不同culture,geography)而不同.问假设，需要在不同地方（不同地方有不同culture,geography)和horoscope之间建立逻辑联系－－搭桥。
C做到了，尽管这个逻辑联系说geography不会影响horoscope。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-12-2 0:29:11编辑过]

番茄炒蛋

这题是典型的排除他因题啊

seanql

以下是引用番茄炒蛋在2003-12-2 1:24:00的发言：
这题是典型的排除他因题啊

愿闻其详。