费费37-54

老螃蟹

38. Amphibian populations are declining in numbers worldwide. Not coincidentally, the earth’s ozone layer has been continuously depleted throughout the last 50 years. Atmospheric ozone blocks UV-B, a type of ultraviolet radiation that is continuously produced by the sun, and which can damage genes. Because amphibians lack hair, hide, or feathers to shield them, they are particularly vulnerable to UV-B radiation. In addition, their gelatinous eggs lack the protection of leathery or hard shells. Thus, the primary cause of the declining amphibian population is the depletion of the ozone layer.
Each of the following, if true, would strengthen the argument EXCEPT:
(A) Of the various types of radiation blocked by atmospheric ozone, UV-B is the only type that can damage genes.
(B) Amphibian populations are declining far more rapidly than are the populations of nonamphibian species whose tissues and eggs have more natural protection from UV-B.
(C) Atmospheric ozone has been significantly depleted above all the areas of the world in which amphibian populations are declining.
(D) The natural habitat of amphibians has not become smaller over the past century.
(E) Amphibian populations have declined continuously for the last 50 years.
我选了d，答案是a，可我觉得d是无关选项

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-27 15:37:47编辑过]

老螃蟹

43. Zoos have served both as educational resources and as entertainment. Unfortunately, removing animals from their natural habitats to stock the earliest zoos reduced certain species’ populations, endangering their survival. Today most new zoo animals are obtained from captive breeding programs, and many zoos now maintain breeding stocks for continued propagation of various species. This makes possible efforts to reestablish endangered species in the wild.
Which one of the following statements is most strongly supported by the information above?
(A) Zoos have played an essential role in educating the public about endangered species.
(B) Some specimens of endangered species are born and bred in zoos.
(C) No zoos exploit wild animals or endanger the survival of species.
(D) Nearly all of the animals in zoos today were born in captivity.
(E) The main purpose of zoos has shifted from entertainment to education.
a为啥不对？b里面提到的born能从文章推出来吗？

老螃蟹

Questions 49-50
Joseph: My encyclopedia says that the mathematician Pierre de Fermat died in 1665 without leaving behind any written proof for a theorem that he claimed nonetheless to have proved. Probably this alleged theorem simply cannot be proved, since---as the article points out---no one else has been able to prove it. Therefore it is likely that Fermat was either lying or else mistaken when he made his claim.
Laura: Your encyclopedia is out of date. Recently someone has in fact proved Fermat’s theorem. And since the theorem is provable, your claim---that Fermat was lying or mistaken---clearly is wrong.
50. Which one of the following most accurately describes a reasoning error in Laura’s argument?
(A) It purports to establish its conclusion by making a claim that, if true, would actually contradict that conclusion.
(B) It mistakenly assumes that the quality of a person’s character can legitimately be taken to guarantee the accuracy of the claims that person has made.
(C) It mistakes something that is necessary for its conclusion to follow for something that ensures that the conclusion follows.
(D) It uses the term “provable” without defining it.
(E) It fails to distinguish between a true claim that has mistakenly between believed to be false and a false claim that has mistakenly been believed to be true.

这题有点搞不懂

老螃蟹

另外刚开始做费费不久费费18错5是个什么水平？

bettyofarim

38。(D) The natural habitat of amphibians has not become smaller over the past century. 说明A人数的减少不是因为habitat 的减少而减少，所以言下之思就是有可能是ozone layer导致了

bettyofarim

其他的我也错了，等NN来回答吧

shrkl

38 作题的时候觉的所以选项都是支持。
a: 在大气层阻挡的射线中UV－B 是唯一破坏基因的。
当时想如果有其他射线破坏基因，那不就提供一个他因了么。所以是支持。
后来仔细想一下，题目要说明的是臭氧层破坏导致数目减少。如果有其他射线，爬行数目减少更快。所以选a。
d 是排除他因

43题：
a： 从题目中看不出来played an essential role in educating the public。
b：是从breeding stocks for continued propagation of various species来得。

Questions 49-50：我也错了我选b，请讨论。 简单翻译一下
J：我的百科全书记载：数学家PdF1665年死后，没有留下任何他声称已经证明的一个理论的记录。很可能他的这个理论是不能被证明的，书中也指出没人能证明。所以F有可能说慌或者在论证理论的时候有错误。
L：你的书太旧了，现在已经有人证明了F的理论。所以你说F在说谎是不对的。

L的推理错误是
b: 错误的假设一个人的品德可以正确的从他的理论的有效性得出
c：错认了的结论的充分条件（something that ensures that the conclusion follows）
为必要条件（something that is necessary for its conclusion to follow ）
意思是说现在证明了理论不能说明以前没说谎。
从逻辑的角度c似乎是对的，但b为什么错呀。范围扩大了？？