问一个 弱弱 的 问题， 怎么区分选项有关无关？

sa009

请问 各位NN，怎么判断选项有关无关？

比如： wd-7-17
    

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery. Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A. Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.

B. Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.

C. Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.

D. The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.

E. The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

1。如果你能排除ABC，说明一定程度上明白了有关无关。

2。D的意思为收益和没收益的的两批人都被告知手术的危险性。而结论是医生对没受益的动机不纯。显然DWEAKEN不了结论。医生完全可以说一套做一套。

3。E的意思为：收益和没收益两批人手术前在医疗上是分不出的。既然分不出，医生就无法对一批人动机好，另一批人动机不好。

为什么 C无关

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-11-27 13:04:59编辑过]

gonghao

That needs to fcous on what's the question talking about and what's the intention of the question asked by ETS.

In this question,you have to find what is the conclusion and then find an answer that weaken the conclusion,Something has nothing related to the conclusion should be elminated by yourself when you finish reading the choices at one time. 

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-11-27 16:57:07编辑过]

sa009

Thanks.  Can you list some sum about this topic?

hedge

so, the correct answer is E?

jj_banana

我想请问E的削弱方法是不是因果型结论当中的"显示因果关系不准确"???

梦季

看一下！