关于weaken和flaw的一点疑惑

xiaowan

分类复习到flaw，突然觉得似乎有些flaw题是assumption,有些是weaken，对照了lawyer所说的标准仔细研读，还是觉得疑惑重重，所以发上来大家看看～

152. Mouth cancer is a danger for people who rarely brush their teeth. In order to achieve early detection of mouth cancer in these individuals, a town’s public health officials sent a pamphlet to all town residents, describing how to perform weekly self-examinations of the mouth for lumps.

 

Which of the following, if true, is the best criticism of the pamphlet as a method of achieving the public health officials’ goal?

(A) Many dental diseases produce symptoms that cannot be detected in a weekly self-examination.

(B) Once mouth cancer has been detected, the effectiveness of treatment can vary from person to person.

(C) The pamphlet was sent to all town residents, including those individuals who brush their teeth regularly.

(D) Mouth cancer is much more common in adults than in children. E

(E) People who rarely brush their teeth are unlikely to perform a weekly examination of their mouth.

觉得152可以归类为flaw，也可以归类为weaken

73. “Fast cycle time” is a strategy of designing a manufacturing organization to eliminate bottlenecks and delays in production. Not only does it speed up production, but it also assures quality. The reason is that the bottlenecks and delays cannot be eliminated unless all work is done right the first time.

 

The claim about quality made above rests on a questionable presupposition that

(A) any flaw in work on a product would cause a bottleneck or delay and so would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line

(B) the strategy of “fast cycle time” would require fundamental rethinking of product design

(C) the primary goal of the organization is to produce a product of unexcelled quality, rather than to generate profits for stockholders

(D) “fast cycle time” could be achieved by shaving time off each of the component processes in production cycle A

(E) “fast cycle time” is a concept in business strategy that has not yet been put into practice in a factory

觉得73就是assumption

xiaowan

77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.

 

Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor’s reasoning is flawed?

(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.

(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to take a bus.

(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.

(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor’s plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
            B

(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city’s traffic congestion.

觉得77题是weaken

按照lawyer的总结，flaw题应该是

9．FLAW IN THE REASONING
看原文：找出原文错误
找答案：描述原文错误的为答案。描述的因素原文没有的为错误答案
TEST：描述原文的推理错误，每个元素都必须在原文出现过。

 

这里单独看原文是没有错误的，补充条件后，说明原结论不能成立了，所以我觉得不应该算是flaw呀，还有上面两题，大家看看，也希望能好好讨论下各类题的区别～这样逻辑就没问题拉～～～

xiaowan

顶

gonghao

152：is the best criticism of the pamphlet as a method of achieving the public health officials’ goal?

weaken

73：The claim about quality made above rests on a questionable presupposition
            

question require of us to find a flaw assumption.That means to find out a assumption that is not correct.So this is a assumption pattern queation.

77:Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor’s reasoning is flawed.

to find something weaken the mayor's reasoning.

xiaowan

谢谢gonghao!