[求助]gwd 14-17

huixia06

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance.  Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

 

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?

 

1. Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
2. No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatonic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
3. The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
4. Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
5. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

答案是E，不明白。也不知道自己真正看懂了题目意思没有。原文的issue应该是说“被挖掘的笛子证明了在西方人采用之前，全音阶已经发展了很久”吧。要加强的话，方向应该是说笛子存在的时间比较长了，是吗？

这些选项都好像没什么关系。E的话，不知道“would have been long enough ”中的long是什么意思。是说时间比较久呢，还是说长度足够长去做笛子？

请教本题的逻辑关系和解题思路。

zhaoyak7

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance.  Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis? 

 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis? 

1. Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
           
2. No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatonic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
           
3. The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
           
4. Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
           
5. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

偶理解，这题意思是说这个挖出的四孔笛实际说明这原来是个七孔笛，现在只有3-6的孔。但这些七孔笛都是在文艺复兴时期之后盛行，这次挖掘使人们认为七孔笛在西方人使用很早以前就开始用了。

思路就是“在西方人以前是有可能出现这样的笛子的”。比如：挖出的这个东东原先应该是七孔的（因为此次挖掘是说明七孔笛盛行的唯一依据，这一点不用再怀疑或去论证），（因为多年磨损等问题导致剩下四孔），怎么解决这个七孔和四孔的矛盾呢，那就是当年造的时候，这个原材料（其实是熊的骨头）必须够长，也就是能做到七孔。

A是否唯一的乐器与结论的是否出现早的可能性无关。

B没有其它乐器比这个东东更早，与本题的比较对象也无关，本题只比较这个笛子是否可能用的更早，与其它乐器无关

C与熊的其它残骸更没有关系

D风笛的制作工艺是否简单与用的是否更早也无关系。

huixia06

完全同意。感谢！

我之前对题目理解错了，以为是“time issue”。其实要证明的并不是时间问题，而是在已知的很长一段时间之前，是否存在那样的“乐器”。

逻辑考的就是understanding和thinking。唉，自己要加把劲了。

感谢zhaoyak7，smart one!

zhaoyak7

汗，偶开始也做错了，是总结前人的经验，记在自己的小本本上，正好看到你问，自己也就再复习一遍，好象老的托福听力中有这么一句（It helped me review），实在算不上smart one，（当然了，听到表扬还是会增加信心的）偶觉得只要多看，多总结规律，就会有收获。

其实你理解的很对，逻辑考的就是understanding和thinking，而且偶的感觉是越来越考对题目的整体把握（包括语法，阅读就更不用说了）。其实这是我们中国人的长处，老话有“听话听音”之说，如果理解了题目的大体意思，很多答案自己都可以预想出来，即使不是预期的，转两个弯也能转回来。

共同努力吧。

ibmpcs

以下是引用zhaoyak7在2006-7-30 23:54:00的发言：

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance.  Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis? 

 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis? 

 Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis? 

1. Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
     
2. No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatonic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
     
3. The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
     
4. Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
     
5. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

偶理解，这题意思是说这个挖出的四孔笛实际说明这原来是个七孔笛，现在只有3-6的孔。但这些七孔笛都是在文艺复兴时期之后盛行，这次挖掘使人们认为七孔笛在西方人使用很早以前就开始用了。

思路就是“在西方人以前是有可能出现这样的笛子的”。比如：挖出的这个东东原先应该是七孔的（因为此次挖掘是说明七孔笛盛行的唯一依据，这一点不用再怀疑或去论证），（因为多年磨损等问题导致剩下四孔），怎么解决这个七孔和四孔的矛盾呢，那就是当年造的时候，这个原材料（其实是熊的骨头）必须够长，也就是能做到七孔。

A是否唯一的乐器与结论的是否出现早的可能性无关。

B没有其它乐器比这个东东更早，与本题的比较对象也无关，本题只比较这个笛子是否可能用的更早，与其它乐器无关

C与熊的其它残骸更没有关系

D风笛的制作工艺是否简单与用的是否更早也无关系。

总之，先要读题，要读懂而且要细致。