费费的 60 + 99 + 118

freegirl

60. One of the more reliable methods of determining regional climatic conditions in prehistoric periods is to examine plant pollen trapped in glacial ice during ancient times. By comparing such pollen samples with spores take from modern vegetation, scientists can figure out approximately what the weather was like at the time of pollen deposition. Furthermore, by submitting the prehistoric samples to radiocarbon dating techniques, we can also determine when certain climatic conditions were prevalent in that portion of the globe.
Which one of the following may be inferred from the information in the passage?
(A) The earth has undergone several glacial periods.
(B) Radiocarbon dating can be corroborated by glacial evidence.
(C) Similarities between prehistoric and contemporary climates do not exist.
(D) Pollen deposition is a fairly continuous process.
(E) Certain flora are reliably associated with particular climatic conditions.

answer is:　e, why b can't be.

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99. Concetta: Franchot was a great writer because she was ahead of her time in understanding that industrialization was taking an unconscionable toll on the family structure of the working class.
Alicia: Franchot was not a great writer. The mark of a great writer is the ability to move people with the power of the written word, not the ability to be among the first to grasp a social issue. Besides, the social consequences of industrialization were widely understood in Franchot’s day.

In her disagreement with Concetta, Alicia does which one of the following?
(A) accepts Concetta’s criterion and then adds evidence to Concetta’s case
(B) discredits Concetta’s evidence and then generalizes from new evidence
(C) rejects Concetta’s criterion and then disputes a specific claim
(D) disputes Concetta’s conclusion and then presents facts in support of an alternative creterion
(E) attacks one of Concetta’s claims and then criticizes the structure of her argument

answer is:　c, why b isn't?　＂discredits Concetta's evidence" ---
the social consequences of industrialization were widely understood in Franchot’s day.
"generalizes from new evidence " ---  Franchot was not a great writer. The mark of a great writer is the ability to move people with the power of the written word, not the ability to be among the first to grasp a social issue

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118. There are about 75 brand of microwave popcorn on the market altogether, they account for a little over half of the money from sales of microwave food products. It takes three minutes to pop corn in the microwave, compared to even minutes to pop corn conventionally. Yet by weight, microwave popcorn typically costs over five times as much as conventional popcorn. Judging by the popularity of microwave popcorn, many people are willing to pay a high price for just a little additional convenience.
Which one of the following statements, if true, would call into question the conclusion in the passage?
(A) More than 50 percent of popcorn purchasers buy conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.
(B) Most people who prefer microwave popcorn do so because it is less fattening than popcorn that is popped conventionally in oil.
(C) The price of microwave popcorn reflects its packaging more than it reflects the quality of the popcorn contained in the package.
(D) The ratio of unpopped kernels to popped kernels is generally the same whether popcorn is popped in a microwave or conventionally in oil.
(E) Because microwave popcorn contains additives not contained in conventional popcorn, microwave popcorn weights more than an equal volume of conventional popcorn.

answer is: b, I know the answer is 她因削弱，how about A?　
文中说的是：There are about 75 brand of microwave popcorn on the market altogether, they account for a little over half of the money from sales of microwave food products.（ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　与　sales of ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｆｏｏｄ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ得比较，）而answer A 说 More than 50 percent of ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ，　说出ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ‘ｓpreference. 也可以削弱呀！

dorbear

60. One of the more reliable methods of determining regional climatic conditions in prehistoric periods is to examine plant pollen trapped in glacial ice during ancient times. By comparing such pollen samples with spores take from modern vegetation, scientists can figure out approximately what the weather was like at the time of pollen deposition. Furthermore, by submitting the prehistoric samples to radiocarbon dating techniques, we can also determine when certain climatic conditions were prevalent in that portion of the globe.
Which one of the following may be inferred from the information in the passage?
(A) The earth has undergone several glacial periods.
(B) Radiocarbon dating can be corroborated by glacial evidence.
(C) Similarities between prehistoric and contemporary climates do not exist.
(D) Pollen deposition is a fairly continuous process.
(E) Certain flora are reliably associated with particular climatic conditions.

answer is:　e, why b can't be.
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文中只是提到用到同位素测定，并没有得到任何如何证实这种确认。所以B不是选项。E实际上本题的假设条件，所有的假设条件都是一个有效推论。

freegirl

E实际上本题的假设条件，所有的假设条件都是一个有效推论。
非常受用！
帮我看看其他两题，好吗？我月底又要进杀鸡场了！

dorbear

99. Concetta: Franchot was a great writer because she was ahead of her time in understanding that industrialization was taking an unconscionable toll on the family structure of the working class.
Alicia: Franchot was not a great writer. The mark of a great writer is the ability to move people with the power of the written word, not the ability to be among the first to grasp a social issue. Besides, the social consequences of industrialization were widely understood in Franchot’s day.

In her disagreement with Concetta, Alicia does which one of the following?
(A) accepts Concetta’s criterion and then adds evidence to Concetta’s case
(B) discredits Concetta’s evidence and then generalizes from new evidence
(C) rejects Concetta’s criterion and then disputes a specific claim
(D) disputes Concetta’s conclusion and then presents facts in support of an alternative creterion
(E) attacks one of Concetta’s claims and then criticizes the structure of her argument

answer is:　c, why b isn't?　＂discredits Concetta's evidence" ---
the social consequences of industrialization were widely understood in Franchot’s day.
"generalizes from new evidence " ---  Franchot was not a great writer. The mark of a great writer is the ability to move people with the power of the written word, not the ability to be among the first to grasp a social issue
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这里是一个逻辑结构的区别，注意论证的过程。Alicia 先是对判断标准的选用提出反驳，然后对这种标准本身的准确性提出质疑（但结论并没有建立在后者这种质疑之上，而是从标准的选用直接得出结论）。(B)显然没有反映这样一个逻辑框架。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-8 22:22:26编辑过]

dorbear

118. There are about 75 brands of microwave popcorn on the market altogether, they account for a little over half of the money from sales of microwave food products. It takes three minutes to pop corn in the microwave, compared to seven minutes to pop corn conventionally. Yet by weight, microwave popcorn typically costs over five times as much as conventional popcorn. Judging by the popularity of microwave popcorn, many people are willing to pay a high price for just a little additional convenience.
Which one of the following statements, if true, would call into question the conclusion in the passage?
(A) More than 50 percent of popcorn purchasers buy conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.
(B) Most people who prefer microwave popcorn do so because it is less fattening than popcorn that is popped conventionally in oil.
(C) The price of microwave popcorn reflects its packaging more than it reflects the quality of the popcorn contained in the package.
(D) The ratio of unpopped kernels to popped kernels is generally the same whether popcorn is popped in a microwave or conventionally in oil.
(E) Because microwave popcorn contains additives not contained in conventional popcorn, microwave popcorn weights more than an equal volume of conventional popcorn.

answer is: b, I know the answer is 她因削弱，how about A?　
文中说的是：There are about 75 brand of microwave popcorn on the market altogether, they account for a little over half of the money from sales of microwave food products.（ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　与　sales of ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｆｏｏｄ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ得比较，）而answer A 说 More than 50 percent of ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ，　说出ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ‘ｓpreference. 也可以削弱呀！
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对，文章通过销售额暗示这种偏好的存在，但文章在论证这种偏好产生的原因，是由于消费者喜欢方便还是有其它健康方面的考虑。单纯重复文章中的暗示对文章的论证没有任何削弱作用。

freegirl

99.
answer is:　c, why b isn't?　＂discredits Concetta's evidence" ---
the social consequences of industrialization were widely understood in Franchot’s day.
"generalizes from new evidence " ---  Franchot was not a great writer. The mark of a great writer is the ability to move people with the power of the written word, not the ability to be among the first to grasp a social issue
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这里是一个逻辑结构的区别，注意论证的过程。Alicia 先是对判断标准的选用提出反驳，然后对这种标准本身的准确性提出质疑（但结论并没有建立在后者这种质疑之上，而是从标准的选用直接得出结论）。(B)显然没有反映这样一个逻辑框架。

dorbear gg,
If answer b like this: generalizes from new evidence and then  discredits Concetta’s evidence . Can it be right?
Can I think "generalizes from new evidence " as" generalizes from new criterion"?  

Thanks!!!

freegirl

118

answer is: b, I know the answer is 她因削弱，how about A?　
文中说的是：There are about 75 brand of microwave popcorn on the market altogether, they account for a little over half of the money from sales of microwave food products.（ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　与　sales of ｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅ　ｆｏｏｄ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ得比较，）而answer A 说 More than 50 percent of ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ，　说出ｐｏｐｃｏｒｎ　ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅｒｓ‘ｓpreference. 也可以削弱呀！
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对，文章通过销售额暗示这种偏好的存在，但文章在论证这种偏好产生的原因，是由于消费者喜欢方便还是有其它健康方面的考虑。单纯重复文章中的暗示对文章的论证没有任何削弱作用。

dorbear gg,

A didn't simply repeat the argument. Instead, A weakens the argument by stating that people prefer conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.
In the argument, it stated that people prefer microwave popcorn rathter than conventional popcorn.

A) More than 50 percent of popcorn purchasers buy conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.

Please help again! Thanks!!!

dorbear

118. Sorry for misreading

(A): More than 50 percent of popcorn purchasers buy conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.

Yeah, it is pretty tricky thus asks us a close stick to the argument need weakening and a clear-cut on the 'noise' infos. With this question the argument is as simple as this:

'Judging by the popularity of microwave popcorn, many people are willing to pay a high price for just a little additional convenience.'

The comparison made in the passage between microwave and traditional popcore is a noice.

freegirl

我想我明白了118。
因为正片文都是着重“microwave popcorn"
而且，即使 A 正确 More than 50 percent of popcorn purchasers buy conventional popcorn rather than microwave popcorn.， 也无法削弱：many people are willing to pay a high price for just a little additional convenience. 因为 more than 50 percent of purchasers do A can't negate many purchasers do 非 A. Am I right?

Btw, as No.99,
If answer b like this: generalizes from new evidence and then  discredits Concetta’s evidence . Can it be right?
Can I think "generalizes from new evidence " as" generalizes from new criterion"?  

Thanks!!!

dorbear

118: Right

99: No, evidence should contains facts, and criterion is a standard, so no generalization was made based on evidence in the passage.

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-10 2:43:10编辑过]