紫书阅读第1篇即OG10版第34篇7个问题盼解答有点多

清清小蚂蚁

第一篇

．Coral reefs are one of the most fragile，biologically complex，and diverse marine ecosystems on Earth. This ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere：how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities? Part of the answer lies within the tissues of the corals themselves．Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis using the metabolic wastes of the corals，thereby producing food for themselves，for their coral hosts，and even for other members of the reef community．This symbiotic process allows organisms in the reef community to use sparse nutrient resources efficiently．

    Unfortunately for coral reefs，however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water．Agriculture，slash-and-burn land clearing，sewage disposal，and manufacturing that creates waste by-prod all increase nutrient loads in these waters．Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals．Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion to growing human populations，thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters

 

Questions 1-5 refer to the passage above

1.The passage is primarily concerned with

(A)   describing the effects of human activities on algae in coral reefs

(B)   explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities

(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient-poor waters

(D)   explaining how coral reefs produce food for themselves

(E)   describing the abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals in coral reef areas

2.The passage suggests which of the following about coral reef communities?

(A)　　Coral reef communities may actually be more likely to thrive in waters that are relatively low in nutrients．
                

(B)　　The nutrients on which coral reef communities thrive are only found in shallow waters．

(C)　　Human population growth has led to changing ocean temperatures，which threatens coral reef communities．

(D)　　The growth of coral reef communities tends to destabilize underwater herbivore populations.

(E)　　Coral reef communities are more complex an diverse than most ecosystems located on dry land.

 

3.The author refers to＂filter-feeding animals＂(1ines24-25)in order to

(A)  provide an example of a characteristic sign of reef deterioration

(B)  explain how reef communities acquire sustenance for survival

(C)  identify a factor that helps herbivore populations thrive

(D)  indicate a cause of decreasing nutrient input in waters that reefs inhabit

(E)  identify members of coral reef communities that rely on coral reefs for nutrients

4. According to the passage l which of the following is a factor that is threatening the survival of coral reef communities?

(A)  The waters they inhabit contain few nutrient resources．

(B)  A decline in nutrient input is disrupting their symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae．

(C)  The degraded waters of their marine habitats have reduced their ability to carry out photosynthesis．

(D)  They are too biologically complex to survive in habitats with minimal nutrient input．

(E)  Waste by-products result in an increase in nutrient input to reef communities．

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most likely for which of the following reasons?

(A)  They are thriving even though human activities have depleted the nutrients in their environment．

(B)  They are able to survive in spite of an overabundance of algae inhabiting their waters．

(C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

(E)  They are declining even when the water surrounding them remains clear．

清清小蚂蚁

第一篇的问题共7个问题,还有分的小问题,有点多了.

 

1）第一段第5行-6行

how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities?

我的问题关于这句话的有3个：

请问
                ,  and thus nutrient-poor,  前后都有的逗号
            表示什么意思，是插入语还是和前面的clear并列呢

这里说清洁的没有营养的水适合珊瑚生长，第二段中提到富有营养的水珊瑚不适合生长，可以推出第二段说的有营养的水是脏水吗？？

do在这里是起强调作用吗还是作为问句的用法呢？？？？

 

2）19行slash-and-burn land clearing，是什么意思？？

 

3）10行using the metabolic wastes of the corals，这里的corals用复数，是珊瑚虫的意思吗

 

4）8行Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis，对这一句我的问题有3个

我的问题这里known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis，修饰哪个呢，我下面写的两个哪一个对呢？？

若是修饰algae吗，我译成：藻大家称为黄斑藻的共生细胞进行光合作用，

如果是修饰Symbiotic cells我译成：藻的共生细胞称为黄斑藻进行光合作用

 

我的问题：  我觉得奇怪的是珊瑚里只有这一种藻进行光合作用吗？而且这一句我觉得应该改成珊瑚的共生物藻类进行光合作用才通啊。

 

我的问题：  这里说藻类给珊瑚生产食物，第二段却说珊瑚的下降的重要特征是藻类的增加，Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals．不是和这里矛盾吗，藻类多了，可以更好的为珊瑚生产食物，有助于珊瑚的繁荣才对啊，想不通。

 

 

5）22行-25行Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals．

我的问题：为什么这里用的是an  increasing abundance后面是and连接的algae and filter-feeding animals，怎么能用an呢？？？

 

6）第1题的B选项和C选项的疑问：

1.The passage is primarily concerned with

 (B)   explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities

(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient-poor waters

第1题问文章主要是关于什么的，答案是B，解释人类活动怎样对珊瑚礁造成威胁，

我的问题是我觉得这个答案不太完整，这个文章分两段，每一段的篇幅都是15行，C选项的OG解释说，第一段应该解释珊瑚礁在没营养的水中的繁荣thrive而不是deteriorate，那么如果C选项改成繁荣(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs thrive in nutrient-poor waters那么应该选C还是B呢？？？还是两个都对？？这个文章的中心思想是什么呢，因为第二段第一句出现了however,  是不是意味着只有第二段才是这篇文章的主要内容呢？？

 

7）第5题的疑问有3个疑问分列为下面

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most likely for which of the following reasons?

(A)  They are thriving even though human activities have depleted the nutrients in their environment．

 (C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

我的问题对于A选项为什么不对呢                          

对于A选项OG的解释如下Human activities have harmed coral reefs by in creasing nutrient input.  可是A选项说depleted the nutrients,大量减少水中的营养,我觉得这正好是适合珊瑚生长的啊,为什么A不对呢,是不是我对depleted的理解有误呢?

 

 

 

我的问题对于D选项,D选项的OG的解释,我看不明白

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

我试着译一下:他们的新陈代谢的废物是他们居住的水的来化的原因

 

D  Algae cells use the metabolic wastes of the corals to carry out photosynthesis；the result is sustenance for the reef community, not a degradation of waters(1ines 8-10)．

我试着译一下:藻类细胞使用珊瑚新陈代谢的废物进行光合作用,这个结果是用于珊瑚群落的食物,不是水的恶化.

可是我对于这个
                选项和解释连不到一起,按照上面OG对于D选项的解释, Their metabolic wastes contribute to
            sustenance for the reef community,我怎么觉得不对呢,新陈代谢的废物是珊瑚群落的食物的原因,越写越糊涂,等着NN们解答吧

 

 

 

我的问题::第5题C选项的OG解释的推广出的思考是否正确：

(C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(C)的OG解释：Correct.  Coral reefs thrive in waters that provide little food.

我分析这一题为什么选C选项呢，来源于原文第4-5行 nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities，这里既然讲了prolific and productive，大并且多产，说明珊瑚很繁荣，而第5题的选项C说的是生存，既然原文讲的是繁荣，那么生存肯定没问题的呢，我想弄明白的是如果有一篇文章中讲的是生存，选项是繁荣是不是就不能选的，也就是说选项中的词的范围可以比文章中小，但是不能比文章中大，是这样吧？？？

 

 

allen0018

1)

how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities?

and thus nutrient-poor  是插入语
                                                            我的翻译是，HOW DO CLEAR，也就是没有养分的，水~~~~

DO 叫什么疑问词吧？

有营养的水不适合CORAL 生长

2）19行slash-and-burn land clearing，是什么意思？？ 
                                                            好像就是投完垃圾然后就烧。

3）10行using the metabolic wastes of the corals，这里的corals用复数，是珊瑚虫的意思吗
                                                                

就当作是复数吧，有影响吗？

4-1 
                                                            Symbiotic cells   能等于
                                                            黄斑藻吗？  分词是就近修饰的

-2  
                                                            Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis using the metabolic wastes of the corals，thereby producing food for themselves，for their coral hosts，and even for other members of the reef community．

 

for their coral hosts，
                                                            说明就是黄斑藻 
                                                            自己干活给三个人吃饭。

 

-3 此藻非彼藻。多几个刘亦飞我们高兴，多几个芙蓉我们反对！！！

allen0018

5）
                

我的问题：为什么这里用的是an  increasing abundance后面是and连接的algae and filter-feeding animals，怎么能用an呢？？？
            

 你可以查查背景资料，这里怀疑 ALGAE 也是filter-feeding animals   ，他们可能成对出现？一体？

6 ）

6）第1题的B选项和C选项的疑问：
            

1.The passage is primarily concerned with

 (B)   explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities

(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient-poor waters

OG 说的对，他的意思是说，C的错误关键是PROCESS  上，什么叫PROCESS？
            打个比方

你要说吃饭的PROCESS，你就应该一开始说打开“冰箱”，第二段说把“大象”放进去，第三段说
            再把“冰箱”门关上。  不能第一段说
            吃饭对人好，吃多了不好，吃少了也不好   然后接着说和冷水闹肚子

 

这个文章的中心思想是什么呢，因为第二段第一句出现了however,  是不是意味着只有第二段才是这篇文章的主要内容呢？？

文章写得太狡猾，两段感觉不出来他到底目的是什么。
            但是，从题目里面能把无关的排出。
                

这篇文章的
            类型：
            解释说明型，看见EXPLAIN 就感到很亲切。

6 -1  说明你文章没看明白。
            人，一直是DUMPER 。

文章定位：This ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere：how do clear, and thus nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities?

-2  我不是NN   试者看看

你文章没看明白啊，珊瑚一有废物出来，水藻就把废物当燃料变成
            营养给珊瑚，为什么呢？
            就是因为珊瑚用这些营养接着造废物，然后一有废物出来，水藻就把废物当燃料变成
            营养给珊瑚，

有点像沼气池和农民的关系  我说是部分的像，不适部分的是。

-3 你这么理解没有必要，值得注意的是，GMAT 不适GRE ，一般不会在形容词范围差异作手脚，只比较喜欢在条件和地点，也就是小词上作文章。

 

清清小蚂蚁

1.The passage is primarily concerned with

 (B)   explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities

(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient-poor waters

OG 说的对，他的意思是说，C的错误关键是PROCESS  上，什么叫PROCESS？
            打个比方
            

你要说吃饭的PROCESS，你就应该一开始说打开“冰箱”，第二段说把“大象”放进去，第三段说
            再把“冰箱”门关上。  不能第一段说
            吃饭对人好，吃多了不好，吃少了也不好   然后接着说和冷水闹肚子

可是：

OG说C的错误是在deteriorate 上啊？？？/

可是：

OG说C的错误是在deteriorate 上啊？？？/

allen0018

我的问题是我觉得这个答案不太完整，这个文章分两段，每一段的篇幅都是15行，C选项的OG解释说，第一段应该解释珊瑚礁在没营养的水中的繁荣thrive而不是deteriorate，那么如果C选项改成繁荣(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs thrive in nutrient-poor waters那么应该选C还是B呢？？？还是两个都对？？

OG  说的对，他的意思核心点是在PROCESS 上，只是你理解的不好，这么说吧，第一段讲的是THRIVE，第二段是deteriorate。如果你把C 改成 THRIVE 了，照顾了第一段，那第二段怎么办？这里是不可调和矛盾，2段讲对立面，根本就没有桥梁给你PROCESS。

tyoi

以下是引用清清小蚂蚁在2006-6-3 13:33:00的发言：

第一篇的问题共7个问题,还有分的小问题,有点多了.

 

 

2）19行slash-and-burn land clearing，是什么意思？？

GMAT阅读精解对这个词的翻译是意译的“过度大砍伐”，请参考

 

 

我的问题：  这里说藻类给珊瑚生产食物，第二段却说珊瑚的下降的重要特征是藻类的增加，Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals．不是和这里矛盾吗，藻类多了，可以更好的为珊瑚生产食物，有助于珊瑚的繁荣才对啊，想不通。

 因为藻类增加了，可以为珊瑚更好的生产食物，食物多了，珊瑚的生活环境就变成nutrient了，所以导致珊瑚的下降。

 因为藻类增加了，可以为珊瑚更好的生产食物，食物多了，珊瑚的生活环境就变成nutrient了，所以导致珊瑚的下降。

 

 

6）第1题的B选项和C选项的疑问：

1.The passage is primarily concerned with

 (B)   explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities

(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient-poor waters

第1题问文章主要是关于什么的，答案是B，解释人类活动怎样对珊瑚礁造成威胁，

我的问题是我觉得这个答案不太完整，这个文章分两段，每一段的篇幅都是15行，C选项的OG解释说，第一段应该解释珊瑚礁在没营养的水中的繁荣thrive而不是deteriorate，那么如果C选项改成繁荣(C)   discussing the process by which coral reefs thrive in nutrient-poor waters那么应该选C还是B呢？？？还是两个都对？？这个文章的中心思想是什么呢，因为第二段第一句出现了however,  是不是意味着只有第二段才是这篇文章的主要内容呢？？

前人总结的观点：只概括了前半部分内容不能作为答案

只概括后半部分的内容可以作为答案。

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=34&ID=117875&replyID=&skin=1

7）第5题的疑问有3个疑问分列为下面

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most likely for which of the following reasons?

(A)  They are thriving even though human activities have depleted the nutrients in their environment．

 (C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

我的问题对于A选项为什么不对呢                          

对于A选项OG的解释如下Human activities have harmed coral reefs by in creasing nutrient input.  可是A选项说depleted the nutrients,大量减少水中的营养,我觉得这正好是适合珊瑚生长的啊,为什么A不对呢,是不是我对depleted的理解有误呢?

 

 

 A选项不对是因为它跟原文的表述不符，原文说Human activities have harmed coral reefs by in creasing nutrient input，而A选项说human activities have
                                        depleted the nutrients
                                            in their environment。

 A选项不对是因为它跟原文的表述不符，原文说Human activities have harmed coral reefs by in creasing nutrient input，而A选项说human activities have
                                depleted the nutrients
                                    in their environment。

 

 

我的问题对于D选项,D选项的OG的解释,我看不明白

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

我试着译一下:他们的新陈代谢的废物是他们居住的水的来化的原因

 

 

D  Algae cells use the metabolic wastes of the corals to carry out photosynthesis；the result is sustenance for the reef community, not a degradation of waters(1ines 8-10)．

我试着译一下:藻类细胞使用珊瑚新陈代谢的废物进行光合作用,这个结果对于珊瑚群落来说是赖以为生的食物,不是水的恶化.

可是我对于这个
    选项和解释连不到一起,按照上面OG对于D选项的解释, Their metabolic wastes contribute to
   sustenance for the reef community,我怎么觉得不对呢,新陈代谢的废物是珊瑚群落的食物的原因,越写越糊涂,等着NN们解答吧

 

 

 

 

 

 

我的问题::第5题C选项的OG解释的推广出的思考是否正确：

(C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(C)的OG解释：Correct.  Coral reefs thrive in waters that provide little food.

我分析这一题为什么选C选项呢，来源于原文第4-5行 nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities，这里既然讲了prolific and productive，大并且多产，说明珊瑚很繁荣，而第5题的选项C说的是生存，既然原文讲的是繁荣，那么生存肯定没问题的呢，我想弄明白的是如果有一篇文章中讲的是生存，选项是繁荣是不是就不能选的，也就是说选项中的词的范围可以比文章中小，但是不能比文章中大，是这样吧？？？

 这个问题太深奥了，只能说选项是比较出来的。

 这个问题太深奥了，只能说选项是比较出来的。

 

 

请参考。

清清小蚂蚁

先谢谢TYOI

没有解决的问题接着问。呵呵，紫书RC看第三遍了。

1）文中第8行Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis，

对这一句我的问题二：  我觉得奇怪的是珊瑚里只有这一种藻进行光合作用吗？而且这一句我觉得应该改成珊瑚的共生物藻类进行光合作用才通啊。known as zooxanthellae（单数）应该修饰的是algae（单数）还是cells（复数）？

5）22行-25行Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals．

我的问题：为什么这里用的是an  increasing abundance后面是and连接的algae and filter-feeding animals，怎么能用an呢？？？

7）第5题的疑问有2个疑问分列为下面

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most likely for which of the following reasons?

(A)  They are thriving even though human activities have depleted the nutrients in their environment．

 (C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．

(D)  Their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit．

我的问题对于A选项为什么不对呢                          

对于A选项OG的解释如下Human activities have harmed coral reefs by in creasing nutrient input.  可是A选项说depleted the nutrients,大量减少水中的营养,我觉得这正好是适合珊瑚生长的啊,为什么A不对呢,是不是我对depleted的理解有误呢?

 

我的问题::第5题C选项的OG解释的推广出的思考是否正确：
            

(C)  They are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources．
            

(C)的OG解释：Correct.  Coral reefs thrive in waters that provide little food.

我分析这一题为什么选C选项呢，来源于原文第4-5行
                nutrient-poor, waters support such prolific and productive communities，这里既然讲了prolific and productive，大并且多产，说明珊瑚很繁荣，而第5题的选项C说的是生存，既然原文讲的是繁荣，那么生存肯定没问题的呢，我想弄明白的是如果有一篇文章中讲的是生存，选项是繁荣是不是就不能选的，也就是说选项中的词的范围可以比文章中小，但是不能比文章中大，是这样吧

我发觉阅读里面很多的同义词替换，可以出现这样的范围程度不同的词替换我心里没底，不知道判断的标准是什么，请指点。