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一. 冠词 8-4
e.g. in the shape of arc 错 , 因为arc是可数名词,因此必须改成of an arc|
the oxygen / nitrogen 错 , 因为气体前不加the
in the nature 错 , 因为在自然界 in nature 不加the
the economics’ 错 , economics经济学, 国家的的宏观经济状况, 都不加the
(一) 不定冠词 (只要有a,an,划线80%错)
冠词只有an的错误, 只要划线一个都不能放过
1. a / an 的混用 (a / an 的区别在于发音而非字母)
发元音用an, 发辅音用a
An hounest, undergraduate, understanding, herb, hour, oyster
A unique, university, unit, yawn
2. a与复数名词的混用
a / an + (adj.) + n.s. >> the + (adj.) + n.s.
a / an + (adj.) + n.s >> a + (adj.) +n.
an outstanding students
the student
3. 不定词的遗漏
First 永远对
a. 固定短语中a的遗漏
It is a book 对
It is good book 错
It is very good book 错
a series of / a set of / a wide rage of/ a varity of / a collection of/ a wealth of / a piece of / a group of
e.g. something consists of core group of boys 错 , 改成 of a core
b. 强调可数名词的单数概念, 同名词前无其它限定词, 应该使用不定冠词修饰名词 9-1
限定词 : 指示代词 this these that those ; 人称代词 his her ; 不定代词 some each all ; 冠词 a an the ; 所有格 whose…
*换句话说,单数可数名词前必须有限定词
复数可数名词可有可无限定词
规律
1 : prep. + 单数可数名词 错
Eg the hardness of mineral >>> the hardness of a mineral
the manufacture of automobile >>> The manufacture of automobiles
2 : V. + 单数可数名词 错
Eg operated sewing machine >>> operated sewing machines
form grid >>> a grid / form grids
cover area of >>> cover an area of
例外
1 part of = a part of, (a 可以省略掉) *part永远对
2表”种类”的名词所接名词可单独使用 : A kind of , a sort of , a type of
3固定词组中的单数可数名词例外 : In response to , in honor of , in danger of
4 in + 单数名词 , 可以表示在某一方面 , 某一行业 , 或者某一领域
All cells differ widely in function. 对 , 因为function, 在此是不可数名词, >> 功能方面
In color, in shape, in size, in stage, in medical science
5表示身份,职称,亲属的名词可单独使用 9-2
Chief 首领 president 总统
Little Bush, son of George Cush, is running for the office of president.
对 , 可加可不加
(二) 定冠词
1. 表示”独一无二”, 要加the
Great lakes are 错 >>> the great lakes are
the Sun, the Moon, the (our’s) Earth
Vernus 不加the
The Great wall
2. 序数词作定语修饰名词时,前面必须加the (不作定语, 不一定加the)
年代 : in nineteenth certury >> in the nineteenth century
排序 : the four constitution >> the fourth constitution
Eg Utah ranks first among … 对 rank first among 是一个词组 , Utah ranks the first among 错
A is second only to B… A 仅次于B, A is the second only to B 错
The first chairman
3. 形容词最高级做前置定语修饰名词,前面要加the
Eg the most desolate region
陷阱 : most 的非最高级用法一定不加the
只有作前置定语时,必须加the ; 别的成份做前定语修饰名词,前面不加the
Eg Pandas are most plentiful in China.
4. 表示”开始”与”结束”时,必须加the
the beginning(s) of sth. (特指), the end
5. 河流,海洋,湖泊前必须加the
Eg winds from Atlantic Ocean 错 >>> winds from the Atlantic Ocean ; the Pacific Ocean
6. 城市名,州名,国家名前不加the 9-3
Eg in Beijing, in the city of Beijing
The United States 对
例外 : 当一个国定名称以联合名词表达时, 它本身固定
A United States’ delegate 一个对国代表
7. nature
(1) 在自然界, in nature 不加the
(2) …of nature, 不加the [本质上,发自内心的] eg faith of nature 发自内心的信仰
8. 在历史上history
(1) 泛指”历史上” in history,绝对不加the
(2) 特指某种历史, 可以加the in the history of New Oriental school
9. 学科,气体,元素前不加the
Eg the iron 错 元素前不加the 但the metal iron 对
10. 表示”人体”the human body
表示”普通人” the average / common person
11. most的用法
(1) adj. 大多数的 most + n.(泛指) eg : most mammals [most前不加the]
(2) 代词 大多数 most of + 限定词 n (特指) eg : most of the mammals [most前不加the]
(3) adv. 修饰adv. 或 adj., 表最高级
(4) adv. 极其, 非常 eg : a most beautidul girl [most前不加the]
(5) most 与 mostly的区别
most 作为adj和adv只修饰n adj adv
mostly 作为adv 只修饰 v prep
eg : the mostly intense of sth 错 >>> most;
be composed most of water 错 >>> mostly
12. 乐器
Eg : play the piano 对
例外 : play erhu (二胡) | 
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发表于 2006-4-26 23:00:00
