怎么都想不通的假设题目3道，大家帮帮我。

qiqi_cola

OG 188
When demand for a factory's products is high, more money is spent at the factory for safety precautions and machinery maintenance than when demand is low. Thus the average number of on-the-job accidents per employee each month should be lower during eriods when demand is high than when demand is low and less money is available for safety precautions and machinery maintenance.

Which of the following, if true about a factory when demand for its products is high,casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
A  Its employees ask for higher wages than they do at other times.
B  Its management hires new workers but lacks the time to train them properly.
C  its employees are less likely to lose their jobs than they are at other times
D Its management sposors a monthly safety award for each division in the factory.
E Its old machinery is replaced with moderns,automated models.

答案是B，但我选D，我认为是其他原因来解释了结论。我想不出来为什么D不对。

砖头：p176
Radioactive radon gas emanating from rock such as granite puts inhabitants of houses built on such rock at greater risk of lung cancer the longer the inhabitants are exposed.Protective steps should be taken if radon measurements exceed 4 picocuries per liter;this recommendation is based on 70 years of occupancy by any one person.

If a  65-year-old homeowner concludes from the information above that radon testing for the new home she has purchased will not be necessary,then each of the following,if ture, weakens the homeowner's argument EXCEPT:

A Houses in which the homeowner previously lived were in an area where elevated radon levels have been found.
我觉的这个答案跟题目无关啊。

p 159

According to a 1980 survey,ten percent of all United States citizens over the age of sixteen are functionally illliterate. Therefore, if the projection that there will be 250 million United States citizens over sixteen in the year 2000 is correct,we project that 25 million of these citizens will be functionally illiterate.
Which of the following,if true, would most weaken the conclusion drawn by the author of the passage above?

A  The percentage of high school graduates who do not go on to college has grwon steadily over the past two decades.
B  From 1975 to 1980 there was a three-percent decrease in the rate of functional illiteracy among United States citizens over the age of sixteen.
C  Many United States citizens included in the 1980 survey would also be included in a survey conducted in the year 2000
D  Surveys that are improperly designed usually provide inaccurate results.
E In 1980 sixty-five percent of all United States citizens were over the age of sixteen.

我感觉B不能说明问题，与题目不相干啊。

braveMBA

og 188
when demand for a factory's products is high, more money is spent at the factory for safety precautions and machinery maintenance than when demand is low. thus the average number of on-the-job accidents per employee each month should be lower during eriods when demand is high than when demand is low and less money is available for safety precautions and machinery maintenance.

which of the following, if true about a factory when demand for its products is high,casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
a  its employees ask for higher wages than they do at other times.
b  its management hires new workers but lacks the time to train them properly.
c  its employees are less likely to lose their jobs than they are at other times
d its management sposors a monthly safety award for each division in the factory.
e its old machinery is replaced with moderns,automated models.

答案是b，但我选d，我认为是其他原因来解释了结论。我想不出来为什么d不对。

Conclusion:
the average number of on-the-job accidents per employee each month should be lower during eriods when demand is high than when demand is low and less money is available for safety precautions and machinery maintenance.

Evidence:
when demand for a factory's products is high, more money is spent at the factory for safety precautions and machinery maintenance than when demand is low

Hiden Premise:
More money does work on the issue. Money is everything!!!!

Weaken:
注意这是一个问题中有条件的WEAKEN，条件是DEMAND HIGH，根据EVIDENCE，MORE MONEY WILL。

B说（尽管MORE MONEY）没有时间培训，攻击了HP。
D好象在某种程度上是加强，绝大部分是无关，构不成削弱。

这题是WEAKEN，不是假设呀。

dorbear

以下是引用qiqi_cola在2003-9-23 22:54:00的发言：
砖头：p176
Radioactive radon gas emanating from rock such as granite puts inhabitants of houses built on such rock at greater risk of lung cancer the longer the inhabitants are exposed. Protective steps should be taken if radon measurements exceed 4 picocuries per liter; this recommendation is based on 70 years of occupancy by any one person.

If a  65-year-old homeowner concludes from the information above that radon testing for the new home she has purchased will not be necessary,then each of the following,if ture, weakens the homeowner's argument EXCEPT:

A Houses in which the homeowner previously lived were in an area where elevated radon levels have been found.
我觉的这个答案跟题目无关啊。

此题出自93年GRE，答案应该是（E）：
The strata underlying the homeowner's new home are known to be of rock different from the kinds from which radon emanates.   

其他所有的选项都在削弱。你可以把书上的答案更正过来。有问题再来讨论。

dorbear

p 159
according to a 1980 survey,ten percent of all united states citizens over the age of sixteen are functionally illliterate. therefore, if the projection that there will be 250 million united states citizens over sixteen in the year 2000 is correct,we project that 25 million of these citizens will be functionally illiterate.
which of the following,if true, would most weaken the conclusion drawn by the author of the passage above?

a  the percentage of high school graduates who do not go on to college has grwon steadily over the past two decades.
b  from 1975 to 1980 there was a three-percent decrease in the rate of functional illiteracy among united states citizens over the age of sixteen.
c  many united states citizens included in the 1980 survey would also be included in a survey conducted in the year 2000
d  surveys that are improperly designed usually provide inaccurate results.
e in 1980 sixty-five percent of all united states citizens were over the age of sixteen.

我感觉b不能说明问题，与题目不相干啊。
-------------------------------------------------------
论据无效型削弱: 答案（B）
题干：1980年10%的人文盲 =〉对于2000年250m的人口，将会有25m的文盲。
      削弱：10%不是一成不变的，75 - 80期间都发生变化了。

这不就是 B 表达的吗？注意的是，这道题的答案不具有充分性，显得有点不友好。


个人意见！

qiqi_cola

159这个题目，我来总结一下，这种SURVEY的类型题，要反对由此外推的结论，一般就说这个SAMPLE不是REPRESENTATIVE的，不知道我的理解对不对？

dorbear

对！如果是现在的数据，就说它没代表性；如果是以前的数据，就说它过时了。对未来的数据，就说预测方法有毛病。这就是SURVEY题的削弱。

remeo

以下是引用dorbear在2003-9-26 1:12:00的发言：
对！如果是现在的数据，就说它没代表性；如果是以前的数据，就说它过时了。对未来的数据，就说预测方法有毛病。这就是SURVEY题的削弱。

总结得很有道理！

remeo

以下是引用dorbear在2003-9-24 13:33:00的发言：

此题出自93年GRE，答案应该是（E）：
The strata underlying the homeowner's new home are known to be of rock different from the kinds from which radon emanates.   

其他所有的选项都在削弱。你可以把书上的答案更正过来。有问题再来讨论。

c)the homeowner's granddaughter,who is eventually to inherit the new house,now lives there with her children.
看不太清楚如何削弱的？请解释一下

花子落落

同问
Radioactive radon gas emanating from rock such as granite puts inhabitants of houses built on such rock at greater risk of lung cancer the longer the inhabitants are exposed.Protective steps should be taken if radon measurements exceed 4 picocuries per liter;this recommendation is based on 70 years of occupancy by any one person.

If a  65-year-old homeowner concludes from the information above that radon testing for the new home she has purchased will not be necessary,then each of the following,if ture, weakens the homeowner's argument EXCEPT:

C.A Houses in which the homeowner previously lived were in an area where elevated radon levels have been found.

E.------(正确选项)

想问C是如何削弱的？？？？？