请教OG-91

david_348

这里没这么多逻辑原理，关键是把握作者意图，即：which conclusion是作者希望你可以得出。

偶觉得这道题，在于准确把握作者的态度，因为这是一个根据原文推导main point的典型题目；

作者先说了这个test的基本情况是result is inconclusive,然后解释了原因是：can't judge...truthful..or not truthful；然后又举了一个招聘的事实，显然作者的态度是对例子中employer的做法表示了不满，即认为：以不确定的结果来判断whether emplosy examinee;employer持有偏见！！

解题过程中，容易受干扰的是B、D、E选项：

og的解释： Neither B nor D is supported, since the information given includes nothing either implicit or explicit about polygraph tests that yield conclusive result

既然result是不确定的，以result of test 做依据就更不对啦，就更更谈不上什么mistaken，但也不能完全不考虑。

OG解释：Since the passage is consistent with both E and its denial, E is not supported.

这正是作者要反驳的观点；而E的说话无论取非与否和passage都是一致的。some refused，也就是some accepted了呀。

偶觉得这个题目很有代表意义，题干中干扰因素很多，你搞不清到底什么是原文的主题；而解决该类题在于如何正确的把握原文的逻辑思路；偶发现很多rc中的难题正是难在这里，一段文章或是几句话极具迷惑性。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-11-26 14:42:04编辑过]

徵徵

同意！

番茄笑了

91. When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee. Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. Nevertheless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?
(A) Most examinees with inconclusive polygraph test results are in fact untruthful.
(B) Polygraph tests should not be used by employers in the consideration of job applicants.
(C) An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee.
(D) A polygraph test indicating that an examinee is untruthful can sometimes be mistaken.
(E) Some employers have refused to consider the results of polygraph tests when evaluating job applicants.

这道题我原本选A，和大部分XDJM门不一样！当然也是错了~看了大家的讨论后我分析了一下自己答错的原因，请大家看看对不对.

我之前选A是因为我觉得如果测谎仪的结果是非决定性的也就是不能定论applicants是诚实还是不诚实，但是employer还是不雇用得到这样结果的applicants，这就说明大部分得到这种非决定性结果的applicants都是不诚实的，所以employers不用他们。参考了大家的讨论以后，我觉得这样的答案带有另一个假设，我们从原句中根本推不出来这个结论，而which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn是典型的归纳题。也就是说一定是由文章中的信息归纳出来的结论而不是一个新的结论。所以这样一来C选项就比较恰当了！因为原句中强调这种非决定性的结论是没有代表性的，不能说明这个APPLICANTS是诚实还是不诚实，EMPLOYERS应该忽略这种结果，可是他们没有，所以说这样对applicants不公平！

大家觉得我这样的解释对吗？谢谢~~

我爱欧洲

以下是引用番茄笑了在2005-6-2 1:41:00的发言：

大家觉得我这样的解释对吗？谢谢~~

OG对A的解释是the test is no reflection on the examinee.而A说了untruthful。这是错误之一。其次，A中的most也毫无根据。题干没说这个比例问题。

WANSMILE

选项B我觉得可以推出的阿？而且SHOULD在这里表明作者的负态度，为什么会错呢

番茄笑了

以下是引用WANSMILE在2005-6-5 15:03:00的发言：
选项B我觉得可以推出的阿？而且SHOULD在这里表明作者的负态度，为什么会错呢

B是可以推出，可是还需要另一个假设，“如果这种测谎仪大部分时候出的结果都是INCONCLUSIVE，对于EMPLOYER做决定没有用的话，我们才可以说EMPLOYER不应该用这种方式”。根据这道题的内容我们不知道这个假设，也许99%的情况下，这个测谎仪都是TRUTHFUL OR UNTRUTHFUL结果，只有1%的情况时INCONCLUSIVE，那B就不对了！我觉得这道题目是归纳，也就是说一定是从题干中的信息归纳出来的，不能再另外加条件或者假设。

babypace

以下是引用番茄笑了在2005-6-2 1:41:00的发言：

91. When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee. Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. Nevertheless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?
(A) Most examinees with inconclusive polygraph test results are in fact untruthful.
(B) Polygraph tests should not be used by employers in the consideration of job applicants.
(C) An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee.
(D) A polygraph test indicating that an examinee is untruthful can sometimes be mistaken.
(E) Some employers have refused to consider the results of polygraph tests when evaluating job applicants.

这道题我原本选A，和大部分XDJM门不一样！当然也是错了~看了大家的讨论后我分析了一下自己答错的原因，请大家看看对不对.

我之前选A是因为我觉得如果测谎仪的结果是非决定性的也就是不能定论applicants是诚实还是不诚实，但是employer还是不雇用得到这样结果的applicants，这就说明大部分得到这种非决定性结果的applicants都是不诚实的，所以employers不用他们。参考了大家的讨论以后，我觉得这样的答案带有另一个假设，我们从原句中根本推不出来这个结论，而which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn是典型的归纳题。也就是说一定是由文章中的信息归纳出来的结论而不是一个新的结论。所以这样一来C选项就比较恰当了！因为原句中强调这种非决定性的结论是没有代表性的，不能说明这个APPLICANTS是诚实还是不诚实，EMPLOYERS应该忽略这种结果，可是他们没有，所以说这样对applicants不公平！

大家觉得我这样的解释对吗？谢谢~~

Your first choice and logic is totally wrong. I'm sorry to say that. As employers use the test result to make the decision of hiring or refusing applicants, not vice versa ( the employer's decision shows the whether the test results is rite or wrong).

I think your second thought and understanding is right. As an "unconclusive" result is an uncertain result. We can't conclude the applicants as "truthful" or "untruthful". However, the employer refuses the applicants anyway, which may cause unfair to the applicants.

We can't get answer E. Because the problem doesn't say anything about how the employer uses the "conclusive" answers to choose the applicants. We only know they reject the "unconclusive" applicants. So, E is not the answer.

B can't be properly explained either. As we don't know whether the employer's decision on the applicants based on the conclusive result is fair or not. So we can't say that we shouldn't use the polygraph test.

One important thing about this problem, i think, is that we can't draw any conclusion based on the information that is not given in the problem. That's the clue we use to exclude B,E,etc.

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-11 12:02:04编辑过]

WANSMILE

以下是引用番茄笑了在2005-6-8 22:33:00的发言：

B是可以推出，可是还需要另一个假设，“如果这种测谎仪大部分时候出的结果都是INCONCLUSIVE，对于EMPLOYER做决定没有用的话，我们才可以说EMPLOYER不应该用这种方式”。根据这道题的内容我们不知道这个假设，也许99%的情况下，这个测谎仪都是TRUTHFUL OR UNTRUTHFUL结果，只有1%的情况时INCONCLUSIVE，那B就不对了！我觉得这道题目是归纳，也就是说一定是从题干中的信息归纳出来的，不能再另外加条件或者假设。

很精辟,谢谢

dovecat

babypace,能否请你用中文详细讲一下这题的意思和思路？我题目都没弄明白怎么回事。

amacd

以下是引用chriszhx在2003-9-22 13:00:00的发言：
有一道题OG91
When a polygraph test is judged inconclusinve, this is no reflection on the examinee. Rather, such a judgement means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. Nevertherless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.
Which of the fllowing conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?
(C) An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairely held against the examinee.
(E) Some employers have refused to consider the results of polygraph tests when evaluating job applicants.

答案选c， 我选e, 不选e的原因是它直接描述了原文而不是从原文infer出来的吗？也就是说直接描述原文语言的选项是不能选的吗？

if some "employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result."

doesnt that mean -- employers will sometimes consider an inconclusive test result?

這剛好和e是相反的~ so E) is not an answer here