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275. The Life of the First Vertebrates
P1 - Questions about the earliest vertebrates are intriguing.
a. the closest living relatives of the vertebrates are the protochordates who lacked most of the organ systems of vertebrate animals.
b. the major vertebrate advancements include sense organs, a large brain, muscle blocks with a backbone and an enhanced metabolic capabilityP2 - The earliest vertibrates evolved the glomerular kidney, a complex endocrine system and a unique type of tissue-bone.
most features of the v. body that permitted the evolution of humans were acquired during the evolution of fish from ancestral chordates.
P3 - The explanation is that they were favored by natural selection.
There are 2 questions to understand how the changes occurred:
1/ in what environment did the v. originate
2/ what were the selective forces that favored the evolution of the v. body plan
vertebrate 脊椎动物
protochordate 原索动物
tunicate 海鞘
lancelet 文昌鱼
phylum chordate 脊索动物门
sentient 有知觉的
morphology 形态学
metabolic 新陈代谢的
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