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- 2022-10-6
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Main Idea: Dispute several possible explanations for decline of service sector.
P1: Introduce productivity decline of American service sector and put foward two possible explanations - fail to measure growth & competitive pressure
From 1945 - 1965: Economic productivity - annual rate of 3%
Since early 1970s: Economic productivity -annual rate of 1%
Why? 排除manufacturing sector
Since 1980, productivity helps manufacturing sector move US from ... to ... 说明manufacturing的productivity长的很好
However, manufacturing constituted a small proportion in economy
In 1992, manufacturing employed 19.1% of workers; service employed 70%
Service sectory grew since late 1970s, productivity has declined.
-----总结一下-----
总体:70年代早期开始生产力下降
制造业:生产力上涨,经济占比小,雇佣工人少 (出题:细节题?关于服务业?看清时间)
服务业:生产力下降,经济占比大,雇佣工人多 (出题:细节题?关于服务业?看清时间)
Several explanations for service productivity decline and discrepancy in productivity growth between manufacturing & service.
#1: fail to reflect service productivity growth because concentrate on quality (出题:其中一个原因是什么?为什么?因为聚焦在quality很难measure)
Yet: manufacturing productivity significant increase despite under measurement (出题:关于measure哪些是真的假的?)
#2: manufacturing workers face foreign competition but service worker not
However: overstated for political reasons. While some lost because of foreign competition, many more have been lost because of demand. (出题:foreign competition怎么评价?)
P2: Another possible explanation - federal budget deficit
Deficit lower - interest rate lower - increasing investment - spur productivity
其实不是dearth, rather, managers fail to take advantage of widely available skills and machines.
High productivity growth .... (出题:这句话的作用?strengthen上一句的观点:是fail to take advantage而不是declining investment lead to dearth of technology advance)
Attitude: real reason - not making optimal use of available resources (such as corporate takeovers and unnecessary governmental regulation)
文章结构:描述现象-提出一种可能解释-反驳-提出另一种可能解释-反驳-提出第三种可能解释-反驳-展示真实原因
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