152 Handwriting P1: 通过强调该话题重要性,引出写本文的目的 - 类比声音和举止,字迹也可以被模仿 (确有其事,所以写这篇)
- 为了uncover such fakery,需要对书法的方方面面都要有所了解
- 为什么写这篇文章,不是为了。。而是为了
P2: 书写的重要特征是独特性,但独特性容易和class characteristics混淆 - 书写的重要特征是独特性:是伪科学和法医字迹判断基础
- 引出difference between易混淆的 "class characteristics." and "indigidual characteristies
P3: 区分二者能力重要&如何区分二者 - 区分class and individual cháraeteristics的能力很重要
- quote Document examiner Ordway Hilton的话support以上argument
- 不能辨别二者区别的后果严重
- 避免不能区分该做的事:familiar with all the basic styles of penmanship
- 复读机,反着再说一遍(越不熟悉->越难区分)
divine | 1. 神圣的,天授的
2. 占卜bu not pu;预言 | The individuality of handwriting is the basis for both the pseudoscience of graphology (which supposedly divines personality from handwriting) and the forensic science of handwriting comparison. | forensic | 法医的,法院的
Forensic tests showed that the man had been poisoned.
Forensic examination revealed a large quantity of poison in the dead man’s stomach.
Without corroboration from forensic tests,it will be difficult to prove that the suspect is guilty. | ornate | orn=embellish,表示"装饰"
adorn v 装饰,修饰(ad加以+orn装饰)
adornment n 装饰(adorn+ment)
ornament n 装饰品(orna+ment=装饰品)
ornate a 华丽的,装饰的(orn+ate)
suborn v 贿赂,唆使(sub在下面+orn=在下面装饰别人=贿赂)
inornate a 不加修饰的,朴素的(in不+ornate华丽的) | As a rule, the less familiar one is with a handwriting system, and the more ornate such a system of penmanship is, the more likely one is to mistake class characteristics for individual one | manship | penmanship n. 书法;书写技巧
craftsmanship n. 技巧;技术
We admired the superb craftsmanship of the furniture. |
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