揽瓜阁 逻辑做题小分队Day161

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In Nurica, investors who believe they are the victims of malpractice by their financial advisors can file a claim with a government agency. The agency arbitrates the dispute unless a settlement is reached before the hearing date. Of those claims that reached the arbitration stage, a smaller proportion resulted in restitution for the investor in 1995 than in 1994. Nonetheless, a larger proportion of all the claims filed resulted in restitution in 1995 than in 1994.

Which of the following is most strongly supported by the information given?

A. The proportion of claims filed that were unfounded was higher in 1995 than in 1994.

B. The average amount awarded to investors whose claims were arbitrated by the agency was lower in 1995 than in 1994

C. The average amount of restitution for settlement was higher in 1995 than in 1994

D. There were fewer arbitrators available to hear claims in 1995 than in 1994

E. A larger proportion of claims settled prior to arbitration resulted in restitution in 1995 than in 1994

The rate of new drug development in Nation X has changed little over the last decade, even though, over the same period, the cost of developing a new drug has increased significantly. The patent system in Nation X, because it insulates drug developers from various market pressures, can be expected to produce this sort of cost explosion. Such patent protection allows firms to sell a drug at several times its free-market price for many years, and thus pharmaceutical companies have no incentive to minimize research costs, greatly limiting the duration of these patent protections would promote more cost-efficient new development.

The proposal above relies on which of the following assumptions?

A. In Nation X, current patent protections create impediments to the development of new drugs.

B. If the prices of newly developed drugs were subject to market pressures sooner, companies would have a greater incentive to minimize research costs.

C. If the prices of newly developed drugs were subject to market pressures sooner, pharmaceutical companies would have a greater incentive to increase the number of drugs they develop.

D. Nation X's current patent system causes some pharmaceutical companies to exaggerate their research costs to consumers.

E. If the prices of newly developed drugs were subject to market pressures sooner, pharmaceutical companies would have a greater incentive to improve the effectiveness of new drugs.

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