揽瓜阁逻辑做题小分队 第48天

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Rats injected with a nerve toxin secreted by the microbe Pfiesteria piscida took much longer than uninjected rats to be trained to take the correct path through a maze. Once trained, however, the rats that received an injection consistently performed as well at the maze-running task as the uninjected rats. Clearly, therefore, the Pfiesteria toxin affects cognitive processes required for learning but does not affect the later retrieval from memory of what is learned.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. One group of rats that learned the maze-running task and were then injected with the pfiesteria toxin performed the task no less well after the injection than before.
B. Rats in both groups were rewarded with food for successfully completing the maze.
C. Pfiesteria piscida is a marine microbe with which rats do not ordinarily come into contact.
D. Even extremely low concentrations of the Pfiesteria toxin in a test tube kill nerve cells in the test tube.
E. Several days after injection with the Pfiesteria toxin, the injected rats' ability to learn new tasks was indistinguishable from the ability of uninjected rats.


2. Although elementary school children have traditionally received considerable instruction in creating visual art, there has been no such instruction in music. Consequently, in contrast to the situation for visual art, most people as adults do not recognize the artistic intentions of composers. To remedy this situation, a few educators now recommend teaching elementary school students to compose music.
Which of the following, if true, is the strongest basis for arguing that implementation of the recommendation will not lead to the desired result?
A. Few elementary school students are likely to create superior compositions.
B. Traditional education facilitates the appreciation of visual art, but not the recognition of the artistic intentions of artists.
C. More people report that they enjoy music than report that they enjoy visual art.
D. Some composers have had little formal instruction in composition.
E. The recommendation is based on the results of a controlled longitudinal study conducted in three schools within a single city.




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