【揽瓜阁6.0】Day9 2021.03.16【自然科学-气候、睡眠】

LouisTan

316打卡

pluto1

阅读时间4‘29/总结时间3’/总时间20‘
1.文章概述：讨论德州近期暴风雪的原因、介绍现状和总结从紧急事件中获得的经验。
2.段落大意
介绍德州因为暴风雪受灾严重的状况
介绍造成灾害的直接原因。
讨论异常天气的间接原因，并没有得到一个专家一致认可的结论。
应对这一气候德州政府现在做出的努力和受灾严重的人群原因介绍，从灾害中总结的经验。
3.生词
thermometer温度计  cripple使陷于瘫痪  shiver颤抖/哆嗦  stratosphere平流层  lessen使变小   snap突然的  troposphere对流层  undeniable无可争辩的  scramble攀爬  spike阻止
fossil fuel化石燃料  utility公用事业  hurricane飓风
4.句子摘抄 无

阅读时间4‘20/总结时间10‘/总时间25’
1.文章概述
关于REM的介绍和研究误区、新的结论。
2.段落大意
介绍REM和清醒状态大脑反应的相似之处，REM和少梦睡眠的不同之处。
新的研究偶然发现一种被认为专属于REM的现象也会出现在少梦睡眠中。
这个发现促使对EMPS的重新研究 ，这一现象曾经被认为由PGO spike导致，现在得出新的结论。
3.生词
display显示/表现  subunit亚族/副族  manifest明显的  spike尖状物  reasoning推想/推理
4.摘抄 无

amber_B506

day9打卡！

iyiuyi

打卡～

HiEdison

第一篇 5mins+30mins = 35mins
Main Idea: The article introduces the phenomenon and reasons for abnormal cold snaps in Texas, and illustrates the resultant power outages problem which needs to be addressed immediately to protect vulnerable residents.

Sub-points:
P1 Introduction: Abnormal low temperature in Texas (as well as other places) in this winter, and the resultant power outages. 最后一句引出整篇文章的中心讨论问题：what explains the deep freeze?
P2 Cause Analysis of the low temp: rapid heating in the stratosphere -->weaken polar vortex-->cold air southward, warm northward (Note that it works both ways, so Britain may be unseasonably warm)
P3 Cause Analysis of the low temp: Climate change may not be the contributing factor. (GJO of RNMI: climate change-->cold snaps in mid-latitude↓)
P4 回归第一段提出的另一个问题：immediate actions should be taken to restore power and provide protection for vulnerable residents

Complex Sentence Analysis：
There is plenty more they can do in the future. Wind turbines, power plants, and power lines can be cold-proofed, but it is cheaper not to, and utility companies in Texas are not required to do so (unlike those in northern states).
我理解的是：风力发电机、发电厂、输电线可以抵御严寒侵蚀，但这些措施很昂贵，而且德州的公用事业公司也没被强制要求搞这些措施（北方的一些州强制要求搞这些了）。【感觉but it is cheaper not to这个表达读起来有点拗口，蛋可能这就是英语（or 傲娇的经济学人）的表达习惯吧】

Favourite Expressions:
And vulnerable residents such as the old, the poor and the homeless, who are suffering particularly severely in the current freeze, need proper shelter and food supplies.

Vocabulary:
salopettes （有点像背带裤）高腰裤
grid 在这里是【输电网】的意思
stratosphere 平流层
polar vortex 极地旋涡
encircle 环绕
corral verb. 把...赶入围栏，聚集
be blaster with 【blast本义是爆炸/使..枯萎】这里应该是“被..破坏"吧
cold snap 寒潮

第二篇 5m19s+35m=40mins
Main Idea: The article introduced some sleeping phases and brain activities.
*这篇文章难点在于专有名词比较多，所介绍的概念也多，要理清它们是什么以及它们之间的关系：
- REM是一种睡眠状态 （≈wake状态）
- slow-wave 也是一种睡眠状态（dreamless状态）
- EEG是一种脑部生理结构（记录脑电波情况）
- PGO spikes是一种脑电波（发生在REM& slow-wave)
- EMP也是一种脑电波（发生在wake的时候）
REM& slow wave是对立的睡眠状态，PGO和EMP发生在REM, slow-wave, weakness状态下。

Sub-Points:
P1
- REM is a sleep phase during which intense dreams occur.
- REM≈wake,举了三个相似方面：1)  electrical activity (recorded by EEG), REM≈wake ≠ slow wave (dreamless sleep) 2)neurological activity, especially "theta rhythm" REM≈wake ≠ slow wave. 3) brain temperature
P2. Recent study V.S. traditional views (by exemplifying a experiment of cats' sleep)
- Old views: PGO almost only occur in REM spontaneously without external stimulus.
- New views: external stimulus can produce PGO in both REM and slow-wave sleep.
P3. Additional explanation of the study mentioned in para 2.
- promoted a reevaluation of EMP
- EMP&PGO (are alerting responses) can be stimulated during REM, slow-wave, and wakefulness.

Vocabulary:
tum a person's stomach or abdomen. （informal）ohhhh做题碰到我的梦中情校(TUM)了^ ^
variety 多样化，品种

英语爱我我爱英语

DAY 9打卡

Xincinvictory

作业

Aidenhello

Day 9：2021.3.16

CNJYD

阅读时长6 min 总结时长30min
大意：德州严寒天气的发生的原因，以及未来如何应对。
段落
1.bg
2.解释原因
3.可能是气候变化。JVO:气旋和变暖不相关
4.将来如何改变
今年温度偏高
5.温度升高让极端天气更可能发生
Power outage停电
cripple 使成为跛子; 使（心理上或情感上）出现问题; 破坏;  
shiver发抖
grid电网；坐标方格

The conquest of the Aztec empire
时长4 min总结35min
大意：重新评价EMP PGO
1.旧：REM和清醒有关
电流&神经系统活跃性&温度
2.PGO是原因。
3.新:EMP，PGO后会马上出现EMP。PGO和EMP在任何睡眠中都会出现
amplitude n. 振幅；丰富，充足；广阔
manifest v. 表明，清楚显示

塔塔Thanos

https://mubu.com/doc/7p3CPYvXORA