【揽瓜阁5.0】Day10 2021.02.17【社会科学-科技、材料、疫苗】

Pesca_170

DD

harvey1123

Day 10打卡散花，来自-16度的休斯顿。求聪明可爱仙女妥高抬贵手

总阅读时间30 min
主题：介绍机器学习在金融里的应用

Para 1 机器学习来预测市场行为，伦敦是这类公司的中心
Para 2 A公司的创始人都有宏观对冲公司的经验。介绍A公司的客户以及价值
Para 3 机器学习不fancy 只是基于编程知识。
Para 4 其中一个应用是投资市场买卖股票。
para 5 尽管text as data和股市看起来不同但是原理一样。也是一个应用
Para 6 解释工作原理：找到关键词，判断态度和语义
Para 7～8 举例：巴西政坛，你不能认为忽略信息。需要通通给机器去判断。机器能抓住关键信息并进行预测。准度超过专业分析师。
Para 9：智能的获取往往需要大量人工。但是应用在金融行业非常有效果。

WSY 文章
总阅读时间20 min
主题 应力对我们工程设计的影响

段落
Para 1 内部应力都不好，应该避免
Para 2 但是现实中应力不可避免。有些应力还对我们有益
Para 3 在应用中有3个趋势：1 非传统材料 2 减少安全余量 3 减少设计系统的复杂性

vinago

How machine learning is revolutionizing market intelligence: the business of gathering market-sensitive information is ripe for automation
阅读时间:5’26
总结时间: 50’
总时间: 55’

文章中心大意
How the traditional business of intelligence-gathering worked -> How machine-learning technology works in market intelligence-> the significance of the machine-learning technology

每段段落大意
1，The passage started to discuss the topic about the application of machine learning by introducing a company called Arkera, which focuses on using machine-learning technology to sort intelligence from different resources.

2，The part simply describes that before the machine-learning technology emerged, how traditional analogue business of intelligence-gathering operated. However, it seems that the traditional business of intelligence-gathering is obsolete.

3, The part mainly describes how machine-learning technology works. The basic concept is similar to Cowles’s approach- sort the gathered information and make the prediction through the analysis of the processed data by using statistical model

4, However, what is worth mentioning is that the process of getting all the relevant text and cleaning it is crucial and then the author takes the case of Brazil’s pension reform as an example to support the argument
5,The author’s attitude: machine-learning technology make it possible to gathering intelligence automatically. Its application in finance is natural for the industry has clear intention of application

印象深刻的句子
If you cut corners at this stage you might miss something that even the best statistical model cannot fix later. 如果你在这个阶段偷工减料，你可能会错过一些即使是最好的统计模型以后也无法修复的东西。

There is little point in having a cool amplifier and great speakers if the stylus on your record-player is worn out.

It would be hard for an analyst working unaided to mimic this reach, even if he was always on the ground and…

There is a well-defined objective( to make money). There is a well-defined end-point( buy,sell or avoid). Without such clarity of purpose, intelligence is an endless river. It is one undammed thing(不死的) after another

生词
ripe: 成熟的
happenstance：偶然
spook：间谍
hedge fund: A hedge fund is an investment fund that invests large amounts of money using methods that involve a lot of riak
austerity: austerity is a situation in which people’s living standards are reduced because of economic difficulties. 节衣缩食
bearish
market intelligence: 市场情报，市场信息
disquieting: causing worry 令人焦虑的
amok: 发狂
tempting : 诱人的

Residue Stress
阅读时间:3’54
总结时间: 24’
总时间: 28’

文章中心大意
Main point: In a high-tech version of artisanship, engineers can manipulate an object’s internal stress fields to give it desired properties.-> The cons and pros of internal stresses -> reasons why the ability to measure the stress fields directly is important

每段段落大意
1，provide a point: In a high-tech version of artisanship, engineers can manipulate an object’s internal stress fields to give it desired properties.
2, Every coin has two side, So do these internal stresses. This part simply introduce the use and the harm of the internal stresses. Pros: needed in working a rigid material ;Cons: residue stresses may not be necessary
3,Several trends in engineering design make the ability to measure the stress fields directly important. First, the proliferation of nontraditional materials. Second, the trimmings of safety margins. Third, the reduction in scale of many engineered systems.

生词
Artisanship：手艺
Dental fillings: 补牙的填料
Hazy: if you are hazy about ideas or details, or if they are hazy, you are uncertain or confused about them
Fracture: 破裂，骨裂
Redeeming： making a bad or unpleasant thing or person better or more acceptable 补偿的
Lore: traditional knowledge and stories about a subject
Analytical competence: 分析能力 competence：能力

Alex_xuan

真棒，又是看懵的wsy

茫昧单舟

打卡

Groundtruth

打卡第十天

lululu800

day10

没毛的猫

最后一天打卡拉

ttttz

第1篇：
阅读 5'55"  总结  20'

中心大意
以Arkera为例，介绍了机器学习在情报收集中的广泛应用

分论点
1~2 Arkera位于伦敦，具有时区上的优势。他们的业务是通过机器学习收集有用的市场情报
3 一些人不看好机器学习在金融业的应用，给人老旧随意的感觉
4.一个多世纪以来，人们已经用文字数据预测资产的价格。举例AC分析人们投资行为
5.将机器学习模型应用到文字数据与AC的方法在概念上有相似之处
，但A公司在规模和数据源上都比AC强大
6.机器学习通过读取数据并用算法进行预测，重点在于早期搜集相关数据
7~8举例：巴西养老金改革.A的模型能提前预测到结果
9.情报收集是劳动密集型产业，实现自动化的时机已经成熟

生词
Steer vt. 控制，引导；驾驶
Austerity n. 紧缩；朴素；苦行；严厉
Dystopian adj. 反面假想国的；反面乌托邦的
Amok adv. 狂乱地，杀人狂地，失去理智地
Provoke vt. 驱使；激怒；煽动；惹起
Creaky adj. 老朽的；叽叽嘎嘎的
Haphazard adj. 偶然的；随便的；无计划的


第2篇：
阅读 3'  总结  10'

中心大意
残余应力有利有弊，当前一些工程设计的趋势使测量应力场的能力变得重要

分论点
1.一个模糊的认识：应力会导致失败。因此，我们可能认为所有的材料应力需要被消除。
2.实际上，许多日常的制造工序都能够设置内部应力。但残余应力有利有弊.当前，需要直接测量应力场的能力而不是从破损中推测。
3.一些工程设计的趋势使这一分析能力变得重要。1) 非传统材料的涌现 2）削减安全裕度 3）工程系统规模的减小

生词
Fracture n. 破裂，断裂；[外科] 骨折
Proliferation n. 增殖，扩散；分芽繁殖
Trim 修剪，削减

700++++++

第一篇
结构：
1 背景：商业人士用机械学习来收集市场信息
2 历史：分析师早就用ML来预测资产价值变化，ML优于传统信息收集方式
3 原理：统计模型+测试+预测，黑盒子原理
4 ML中有效的信息收集和整理很重要
5 作者观点：人工信息收集已经很完善，实现智能化指日可待

词汇：
intelligence 情报
dystopian 反乌托邦
disquieting 令人不安的
sought 寻找

摘抄：
He concluded that investors would have done better simply to buy and hold the leading stocks in the Dow Jones index than to follow Hamilton’s steer.

时长：
4分29
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第二篇
结构：
1 让步：通常认为，材料有内压=不好，failure
2 转折：但是材料内压一般不可避免，且内压有利有弊，精准测内压显得更为重要
3 介绍三种趋势，凸显测内压的重要性：大量用新材料，安全范围缩减，系统规模缩减

词汇：
hazy 朦胧的
vaguely 含糊地
proliferation 激增
trimming 修剪
lavish 耗资巨大的

摘抄：
第三段

时长：
1分42