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【每日逻辑训练营】(第一天)

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21#
发表于 2020-9-1 04:30:16 | 只看该作者
1.
P: 科技进步会被快速取代 (fact) + 公司想要利益最大化 -> charge 市场能接受的最高价
P: But, 新品的高利润会刺激竞争者match the new product’s capabilities
C: Strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.

A. 排除,第一句不是assumption,而是fact
B. 选B
C. 排除,第一句不是assumption,而是fact。作者对此fact没有异议
D. 排除,作者没有endorse第一句所支持的argument
E. 排除,第一句并没有 “show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect”,第二句也没有 “explain the appeal of that strategy”

2.
P: 在过去十年中,退休后移居到Florida的人降低了3%
P: 许多Florida的business做退休人的生意
C: 退休到Florida的人减少 -> business受影响

关键词:退休后移居到Florida的人,serve 这一人群的local business

A. 不能说明对local business是否有影响->排除
B. 没有提到退休人士->无关
C. 没有提到serve retiree的local business的影响->排除
D. 退休人士总体上升->正确
E. 无关

3.
P. 种SPK004的sweet potato可以解决Vitamin A缺乏问题
P. sweet potato是当地主食
C. 方案会成功

A. 正确
B. 当地人可能不会接受SPK004 -> 削弱
C. 无关 -> 没有比SPK004更好的,不代表就要接受SPK004
D. SPK004缺乏现有sweet potato的nutrients -> 削弱
E. 别的植物也有beta-carotene -> 削弱

4.
P: 被挖掘出的骨笛有四个洞,正好可以play 一个 sever-note musical scale 的 3rd to 6th scale
C: 这种musical scale好几千年前就有了

A. 是不是only musical instrument made by Neanderthals对argument无影响
B. 有没有更早期的乐器对这种diatomic scale是不是好几千年前就有也没有影响
C. 乐器是用什么做的对argument 无关
D. 无关
E. 正确

5.
P: Proposed law 允许general advertising of prescription medications
C: Physicians have final say -> objection provides no grounds for concern

A. nonprescription medication->无关
B. 是不是recent developed ->无关
C. 是否出现在各种媒体->无关
D. physicians观众那种advertising -> 无关
E. 正确

6.
P. (fact) 有保险的比没有保险的在医院待得时间长
P. 没保险的没有受到proper medical care
C. 以上结论不对,有保险的在医院待得时间过于长

第一句是Critics的结论,第二句话是City Official的结论

A. 排除
B. 排除
C. 排除
D. 排除
E. 正确

7.
P. Winter wheat和Spring wheat equally profitable
P. Govt Restriction -> 影响winter wheat yield
C. Spring wheat more profitable

A. Winter wheat less profitable ->正确
B. 没有提到yield/profit ->无关
C. 没有提到yield/profit -> 无关
D. 无关
E. 与其他crops比较->无关

8
P: 靠颜色区别weed和crop的除草机
C: 此机器减少labor cost

A. 增加除草难度->weaken
B. 增加除草难度->weaken
C. 人为除草->无关
D. 正确
E. 人为除草->无关

9
P: 下大雨无法种corn
C: 虽然原来种corn的field空出来+soybean价格高,但是也不会种soybeans

A. 没提到soybean -> 排除
B. 不能解释为什么不种soybean -> 排除
C. 正确
D. 没提到soybean -> 排除
E. 无关

10
Children seldom develop serious complications from influenza -> no significant public health benefit would result from vaccination using nasal spray

A. 没提到小孩 -> 排除
B. 无关
C. 无关
D. 正确
E. 没提到小孩 -> 排除
22#
发表于 2020-9-1 11:12:37 | 只看该作者
1-1: C
时间:2’50
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits
large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities
b.        Conclusion: the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price
Logic: because the technology can be quickly surpass, the companies need to make profit as fast as possible, but too much profit will attract many competitors.
1-2:E
时间:1’46
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: the percentage who retired to Florida has decreased by three percentage points over the past ten year
b.        Conclusion: this decline is likely to have a noticeably negative economic effect on these businesses
c.        Logic: the decreased percentage of people who retired to Florida lead to a negative effect of the economy
选项:
a.        Florida吸引了更多人去他们state比起别的地方,质疑了前提
b.        讲的是employment,和retire无关系
c.        讲的是tourists,和retire无关系
d.        没说是不是florida
e.        讲的是去年的retire的人数特别多,所以今年就算百分比下降了,基数还是大的
1-2:E
时间:1’46
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: the percentage who retired to Florida has decreased by three percentage points over the past ten year
b.        Conclusion: this decline is likely to have a noticeably negative economic effect on these businesses
c.        Logic: the decreased percentage of people who retired to Florida lead to a negative effect of the economy
选项:
a.        Florida吸引了更多人去他们state比起别的地方,质疑了前提
b.        讲的是employment,和retire无关系
c.        讲的是tourists,和retire无关系
d.        没说是不是florida
e.        讲的是去年的retire的人数特别多,所以今年就算百分比下降了,基数还是大的
1-2:E
时间:1’46
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: the percentage who retired to Florida has decreased by three percentage points over the past ten year
b.        Conclusion: this decline is likely to have a noticeably negative economic effect on these businesses
c.        Logic: the decreased percentage of people who retired to Florida lead to a negative effect of the economy
选项:
a.        Florida吸引了更多人去他们state比起别的地方,质疑了前提
b.        讲的是employment,和retire无关系
c.        讲的是tourists,和retire无关系
d.        没说是不是florida
e.        讲的是去年的retire的人数特别多,所以今年就算百分比下降了,基数还是大的
1-3:C
时间:1‘38
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: sweet potato is a staple of the region’s diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.
b.        Conclusion: agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in beta-carotene
c.        Logic:因为红薯是当地的主食,所以种植这种特殊的红薯可以给补充当地人的vitamin-A
选项:
a.        环境适合这种红薯生长
b.        讲look会不同,无关
c.        我也有点不确定
d.        其他的营养物质,无关
e.        削弱了
1-5:E
时间:2‘50
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: since physicians have the final say as to whether to prescribe a medication for a patient
b.        Conclusion: the objection provides no grounds for concern
c.        Logic:因为physicians最后都会决定是否要开这个药方给病人,所以反对是没有什么理由的
选项:
a.        非处方药是否可以混合可以被宣传的处方药,
b.        被大力宣传的是不是最近新发展的药,无关
c.        宣传的途径,无关
d.         
e.        正确,医药师会屈服于压力开不合适的处方
1-6:E
时间:1‘32
逻辑链:
a.        Premise:
b.        Conclusion: the uninsured patients are receiving proper medical care.
c.        Logic:
1-7:A
时间:1’17
逻辑链:
d.        Premise: new government restrictions on the use of Davison River water for irrigation, per acre yields for winter wheat, though not for spring wheat, would be much lower than average
e.        Conclusion: planting spring wheat will be more profitable than planting winter wheat
f.        Logic:因为政府对winter wheat的限制,所以spring wheat会更加的profitable
选项:
a.        只能种植少量的winter wheat不会在价格上有更高的回报,所以Spring wheat会更加的profitable
b.        Spring wheat要更早的种植,
c.        Spring wheat更适合当地的土地,和政府政策无关
d.        Spring wheat用了不同于winter wheat的,无关
e.        Spring wheat和别的crops相比,无关
1-8:E
时间:2‘23
逻辑链:
g.        Premise: develop a prototype weeding machine that uses cutting blades with optical sensors and microprocessors that distinguish weeds from crop plants by differences in shade of color
h.        Conclusion: it will reduce labor costs by virtually eliminating the need for manual weeding
i.        Logic:这种先进的机器可以自动识别颜色等,可以分拣不同类别的作物,节省了人力费用
选项:
a.        说有非常多的颜色,种类的作物,有点点削弱了
b.        作物的颜色会变换,在不同的季节里,削弱
c.        这里的意思是只有人力才能识别一些作物,有点削弱了
d.        基因调控
e.        在繁忙的时候,人力要去做别的事情,说明这样机器的确可以减轻人的负担从而减少费用
1-9:C
时间:1‘13
逻辑链:
a.        Premise: soybean prices are unusually high at present,chemicals that were used to prepare the fields for corn planting would stunt the growth of soybeans
b.        Conclusion: the farmers will leave most of these fields empty rather than plant them with soybeans
c.        Logic:原本种植corn的化学药物会抑制soybean的生长,所以就是空着,也不能终止
选项:
a.        题目说的是soybean价格高,而且地空着了
b.        现在是planting season,不能质疑前提
c.        正确,原本种植corn的化学药物会抑制soybean的生长,所以就是空着,也不能终止
d.         
e.        无关,因为地是空着的

1-10
时间:1‘16
逻辑链:
d.        Premise: children seldom develop serious complications from influenza
e.        Conclusion: no significant public health benefit would result from widespread vaccination of children using the nasal spray
f.        Logic:小孩不会有严重的感染,所以小孩不用去广泛的接种此疫苗
选项:
a.        和小孩子接种无关
b.        新疫苗和以前的疫苗机理一样,无关
c.        价格对大人友好,无关
d.         
e.        新型疫苗对大人有效,无关
23#
发表于 2021-3-31 22:25:13 | 只看该作者
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