附：我的逻辑框架总结
（大家可以用自己习惯的语言做出自己能记住的逻辑总结，在此只是抛砖引玉～呵呵）
l 归纳: infer/supported/true…also true
1. require公共元素直推
XDF108 tech advancement require applied scientific research; applied scientific research require basic research. Infer tech advancement require basic research.
XDF145 moviemaking require conveying rhythm; conveying rhythm depend less on artistic quality than on… Infer superb artistic quality does not in itself guarantee to be a good moviemaker.
2. 顺水推舟题
XDF23 tax: fixed percentage of purchase price, 导致穷人将更大部分的收入用于交消费税。Infer穷人将更大部分的收入用于consumer goods.
XDF76 technique require exact knowledge of the location of the telescopes; 连接earth-based radio和orbiting satellite的技术很关键。Infer 为了干这个，应该掌握relative locations.
l 假设: assumption/rationale
Assumption的条件不能太苛刻，不能动辄就the same，只要变动在可接受的范围内即可。
错误选项：1> XDF46 the same kind of computer will be used
2> XDF61 safety measures would be the same
1. 对not weaken的足够敏感
a) 普通型
XDF99 美元贬值，日欧进口的美国原木浆将增加。Assume quality would be adequate.
XDF207 现在大学生工资高于平均水平，大学生增多则平均工资上升。Assume 大学生工资高not largely due to a scarcity of大学生。
TSH3-14 注射chemical阻挡C物质达到receptors, mice have less interest in feeding, 则C物质刺激appetite. Assume 不是chemical inhibit appetite. 新加入物质的作用
b) 因果未倒置
XDF330 The T deposits did not form after the bodies were buried.
GWD3-32 选修大学课程的inmates not already less likely to commit crimes
c) 起点相同
d) No overlap
XDF140 申E公司的人都申了R公司，两公司各向一半的applicants发出offer,因此：皆大欢喜。Assume 没有人同时收到两份offer.
e) 换不如不换
XDF96 tax relief虽使安装太阳能系统的homeowner pay a lower price, 但因为政府财政取之于民，因此：homeowners would not benefit. Assume homeowners’ loss through taxes or reduced government benefits or both大于等于安装太阳能系统省下的钱。
XDF147 to reduce shipping time, switch to trains and barges to transport goods. Assume loading not time-consuming.
XDF326 帮助员工减肥的program省的没有花的多。
2. 桥梁型
a) 普通型
XDF50 incident happened in Y; Y is a closed society. 因此：Y’s government must have known. Assume government of closed society knows everything occurs in the country.
XDF84 之前研究认为吃巧克力增加患心脏病的可能性，后来研究否定了这个结果。因此：consumption of chocolate will increase. Assume 确有因害怕得心脏病而不吃巧克力的人。
b) 判断标准题/总结原则题/可以甄别
XDF107 开除the least effective teachers first. Assume there is a way of determining the effectiveness of teachers.
XDF142 紧张时和运动时cardio. response 一样。因此，紧张benefit the heart as does运动。Assume cardio. response is an adequate measure of how beneficial the activity is for the heart.
XDF158 once effective strategies which identify the genetic susceptibility are found, people who follow them will never get sick. Assume all human sicknesses are in part the result of genetic susceptibilities.
l 加强: support/strengthen
1. 桥梁型
XDF24 电视多的counties had the lowest incidence of a serious brain disease, 因为stay indoors. Strengthen the more TV sets, the more time spends watching TV.
XDF38 Teaching hospitals attract the very best physicians, thus enable those hospitals to concentrate on non-routine cases. 因此：make profits. Strengthen non-routine medical care commands a high price.
XDF151 scientists仿人类制造了detect spatial relations的computers, 除非这些machine can move around, 否则不能achieve their goal. Strengthen Human beings depend on visual cues from motion in order to detect spatial relations.
2. 举例加强/事实加强
XDF69 westernized Black Africans血压高reflect an interaction between western high-salt diets and genes that adapted to an environmental scarcity of salt. Strengthen 历史上salt was always available的地方，blood pressures are low.异因异果
GWD3-9 看到credit card 的logo就多给tips，因为reminds consumers of spending power. Strengthen financial pressure时，看到logo就少给tips.
XDF117 dolphin calves是被妈妈的奶毒死的。Strengthen 断奶之前妈妈就死掉的dolphin calves成活率高。
3. 假设型
XDF78 consumers能对quality of a product进行准确判断。
XDF101 开车少的人subsidize开车多的人的insurance. 假设开车少的人average cost小于开车多的人。
GWD1-33 distinguish weeds from crop by differences in shade of color. Strengthen selection and genetic manipulation allow plants…to have a distinctive shade of color without altering their other characteristics 技术允许
GWD1-15 growing condition…conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.条件允许
GWD1-17 fragment of bone… strengthen long enough to make…长度允许
4. 数学关系题
XDF39 auto accident victims里面，80％的前排severely injured 者未系安全带。因此：系安全带可防止severely injured. Strengthen survey中，所有前排severely injured 者中大于20％的人系了安全带。整体与局部的百分比
XDF154 已知oil results from HC under seas. Suppose that oil results from HC trapped within the earth, and HC volume of the latter is more. 因此：more reserves. Strengthen 转化率roughly the same proportion.
XDF120 最aggressive的monkey都没有rat aggressive，所以全体monkey没有rat aggressive
l 削弱: weaken/cast doubt/flaw/error
Except题看削弱的多种玩法：
1> XDF43 两年质量圈后，machine operators became less satisfied with work situations. 因此：质量圈降低员工满意度
他因：second survey正值period of recession, rumors of cutback and layoffs四散
他因：未参加质量圈的人report the same degree of lessened satisfaction
他因：其他公司质量圈可以提高员工满意度
Survey不准（事实胜于雄辩）：increased productivity and decreased absenteeism
2> XDF106 美国交通事故受伤严重程度高于欧洲，因为欧洲要求a different kind of safety belt. 因此：US need to adopt more stringent standards for safety belt design.
断桥：美国人不爱系安全带
他因：欧洲人知道how best to react in an accident to minimize injuries.
他因：欧洲车more sturdy
事实：要求European safety belt了，但no reduction in the average severity of injuries.
1. 他因削弱
XDF13 GV比前任budget增速缓。因此：GV caused the slowdown in the growth in state spending. Weaken the rate of inflation.
XDF31 打折活动很成功，cash register receipts of $50 or more are up 30%. Weaken longtime customers increase average amount of shopping bills by making fewer trips. Sales do not increase that much. 最关心的东西
GWD3-38 某bird是因为没虫吃才死的，不是因为没plantation. 反他因削弱：另一种bird, 不吃该虫，但dependent on the plantation, 也死了。
XDF95 very few suburban residents use public buses. 因此：suburban communities benefit little from public bus system. Weaken suburban shops attract employees. (其他到郊外要坐车的人)
XDF153 from drab workroom to brightly colored workroom, both increased productivity, because of interest. Weaken drab workroom was designed to provide adequate space for at most 65 workers.(调整以后由于环境宽松增加生产率，而不是由于interest)
2. 断桥型
GWD3-18 没有某种tissue的fossil不代表没有这种tissue, 因为这种tissue不fossilize.
XDF22 damage to crops不是refinery的错，罪魁祸首是insects and fungi. Weaken air pollution from the refinery allow the harmful insects and fungi to thrive. 搭桥型
XDF161 给交$1000税的low-income families退税for child care. Weaken low-income families交不到那么多税。
TSH4-13 modified maize的种子让butterfly吃掉就会kill them, therefore such seeds put the butterflies at risk. Weaken 有种子的时候not actively feeding
3. 解决方法的副作用or不适用
XDF139 recycle trash that is allowed to accumulate for two weeks will attract rodents.
XDF141 Herding dogs introduced to keep the geese away from the helicopter will form an uncontrollable pack.
XDF268 灭rabbit的virus will increase the threat to bilby――native wildlife. 反正rabbit已经糟蹋了bilbies的草了。无副作用
XDF298 降低关税，城市工厂没有原料，失业率升高，所以不降关税。Weaken 如果不降关税，lack profitable crops的农民大量涌入城市，失业率一样升高。无副作用
XDF329 放packing material防止邮包损坏：when packing material is compressed too densely, it loses some of its capacity to absorb shock.
4. 因果倒置
XDF98 more disorders of the immune system among the depressed group. 因此：mental states influence the body’s vulnerability to infection. Weaken disorder cause depressed.
XDF167 people who frequently manipulate other people are likely to become addicts. Weaken drug addicts learn to manipulate other people as a way of obtaining drugs.
l 解释：explain
XDF166 实验中最厉害的人花了the lowest expenditure of energy in neurons in the brain: people who are better at … have more energy-efficient neural connections.
TSH4-2 20年前规定，开山取矿需要pay for reclamation，tech没有进步，但平均价格降低。因为停止了对reclamation cost高的mountainous areas的开采。不买贵的则均价降。（对比买房一题，要降息时平均房价升高——因为买高价房的人不在乎钱，不买便宜的则均价升）
TSH4-28 21岁以下禁酒令，alcohol-related traffic减少，alcohol-consumption不变。因为在家喝，不开车。
l Evaluate=support or weaken
l Boldface主要是要读明白
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发表于 2005-9-23 20:13:00
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