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关于RC推理题

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楼主
发表于 2018-12-10 20:37:18 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
楼主GMAT备考中 今日撸了RC 的推理题,和大家分享
如果文档中存在错误,大家可以一起讨论!
以后我也会更新 日常学习状态,hhh 算是在督促自己学习~
#说实话,我觉得推理题好难hhhhhh


推理题

一、推理题类型

1.文意推理
180%(原文)
220%(非原文)-与细节题的重合度为王不同;有时会比较隐晦、宏观
——推理题题干标志词:implyinfersuggest
#看到题干标志词告诉自己:
答案可能会是高度概括或者比较隐晦,不太可能会和原文完全重合

E.g.
原文:Such innovations reduce production waste butdo not alter(与前面reduce对应,并出现在转折词but后,可以看出这里的alter指的是“不会减少”) the number of products manufactured nor……
(B) Company growth fostered bycost savings from such innovations may(这里may很重要) allow that company tomanufacture a greater number of products thatwill be used and discarded, thus worsening environmental stress
#可以出现greater的原因:
原文中“not alter the numberof products和“may可能”都说明生产总量可能会增加:属于那20%隐晦改写的部分
(3)no newinformation(与细节题相同)
E.g.原文,Stark家十只猫,七只是黑猫
——细节题正确选项:有七只黑猫在Stark 家里(√)
——推理题正确选项:有三只不是黑色的猫在Stark家里(√)
——推理题错误选项: 有三只白猫/黄猫/布偶猫Stark家里(×:出现新信息)

2.逻辑推理(考察频率不高)
与逻辑题解法相同
回原文定位/一般为原文高亮处

E.g.逻辑题有时候,某些词可以帮助你判断考点
Weaken 题)
原文:Our findings suggest that as much as 90percent of the mass of the universe is not radiating at any wavelength withenough intensity to be detected on the Earth.

题干:The authors’ suggestion that “as much as 90 percent of the mass of theuniverse is not radiating at any wavelength with enough intensity to bedetected on the Earth” (seen in the highlighted text) would be most weakened(逻辑推理) if which of the following were discovered to be true?

(A) Spiral galaxiesare less common(不具备代表性)than types of galaxies thatcontain little nonluminous matter.

#本题,如果直接从高亮部分开始读,就会觉得所有的选项都很奇怪,因此在做这道题的时候,当我们看到A选项的“areless common than(不具备代表性)的时候,我们要反映到,这道weaken题,可能考“小样本推大样本,小样本不具有代表性”
#那再往前读一点,看Our findings指的是什么?
指的是在上一段末尾,我们在spiralgalaxies中的发现,因此我们就知道了:
现在要把银河系推广到整个宇宙,小样本推大样本,只要证明小样本不具有代表性就可以削弱了)
二、一些不好定位的题:(少见)

1.定位词是整篇文章都在讨论的内容,此时要先看选项:
1)选项中如果有许多主观词,可能考大方向,直接做
2)选项中如果有许多极端词,看是否能够快速排除,直接做
3)选项中都是细节,定位在文章中同地方,可以选择性放弃

2.定位词出没有出答案,定位词发生了改写:
1)观察选项,用选项词定位
2)浏览文章哪里还没有读过
3)对细节题的出题点的特点要敏感
——细节题在文章中容易考察的标志词
-1-.比较相同点/不同点:both/ unlike
-2-.长篇大论的细节:first……second……(1-4
-3-.新概念:“……”新概念(双引号)的出现
-4-.名词的排列:ABC and D(此题用到了)

原文:Such dark matter=missing matter:定位词改写) could be in the form of extremely 1dim stars of low mass, of 2largeplanets like Jupiter, or of 3blackholes,either small or massive.#细节题标志:许多名词的排列)

题干:The authors propose all of the following aspossibly contributing to the “missing matter”in spiral galaxies EXCEPT
#定位处没出现答案,寻找其他没读过的地方,第三段后面
#注意:细节题标志-名词排列
(A) massive blackholes
(B) small blackholes
(C) small, dimstars
(D) massive stars
(E) large planets

3.定位词在原文中出现在了两个不同的位置:
1)注意题干中,是否有其他关键词的限定:找两个关键词偶同时出现的地方
2)注意题干中,问的是传统观点还是作者的新观点:传统观点出直接略过

E.g. 1 (双重限定)
1. The passagementions which of the following(细节题) as afactor that affects the role of P.ochraceus (定位词1在文中两个位置出现)as a keystone species within different habitats(定位词2辅助定位)?

E.g. 2 (问的是作者的新观点)
2. The authors’ studyindicates(不是传统观点定位,要从作者的新观点开始看) that, in comparison with the outermost regions ofa typical spiralgalaxy(定位词), the region just outside the nucleus can becharacterized as having

三、推理题/细节题,括号中的内容要读,不能像主旨题一样忽略不读

原因:因为那是作者对某一事物的限定和解释,而题干中往往会用与我们对该事物的常识理解相近的解释,来形成干扰。

E.g.
原文:Keystone status appears to depend on context, whether of1 particular geography or of suchfactors as 2 community diversity(for example, a reduction in species diversity may thrust more of the remainingspecies into keystone roles:物种多样性的下滑会导致更多的物种进入到KS) #需要看括号内部内容,去理解作者的定影,而不是自己脑海中的常识理解and 3 length of species interaction (since newly arrived species in particular maydramatically affect ecosystems).
1particular geography
2community diversity:物种多样性的下滑会导致更多的物种进入到KS
3length of species interaction:新物种产生影响

题干:Which of the following, if true, would most clearlysupport theargument about keystone status advanced in the last sentence of the passage(seen in the highlightedtext)?

(A) A species of bat is primarily responsible forkeeping insect populations within an ecosystem low, and the size of the insectpopulation in turn affects bird species within that ecosystem.(×)
#陷阱:我们的常识理解:动物数量息息相关,此消彼长
但这个不是作者对communitydiversity的理解:物种多样性的下滑会导致更多的物种进入到KS
(B) A species ofiguana occupies a keystone role on certain tropicalislands, but does not play that role on adjacenttropical islands(地理位置) that areinhabited by a greater number of animal species.(√)
#对应第一条:particular geography

四、传统观点的标志词:
Ithas been knowngenerally~

五、结构词很重要,帮你筛选掉冗长的段落信息,有助于提取主干内容

1either……or
we have found that the rotational velocity in spiral galaxieseitherremainsconstant withincreasing distance from the center or increases slightly.
2whether of……or of
Keystone statusappears to depend on context, whether of particular geographyor ofsuch factors as community diversity(for example, a reduction in species diversity may thrust more of theremaining species into keystone roles and length of species interaction (sincenewly arrived species in particular may dramatically affect ecosystems).

3of……of……or of……either……or……
Such darkmatter=missing matter:定位词改写)could be in the form of extremely1 dim stars of low mass, of 2 largeplanets like Jupiter, or of 3 blackholes,either small or massive.#细节题标志:许多名词的排列)



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沙发
发表于 2018-12-19 17:09:54 来自手机 | 只看该作者
马住!!感谢楼主!
板凳
发表于 2019-3-31 10:06:12 | 只看该作者
感谢分享!               
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