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感谢LZ!这记忆力惊人怪不得能分手
第三篇和我上次910库考过的应该是一样的一篇,LZ看看是不是下面这篇
以下引用公子老师的机经
【逻辑结构】
现象解释型
现象:大西洋飓风数量激增
解释1:因为风切变和海:面温度
解释2:通过两种海洋生物现象了解风切变
评价:风切变影响更大
解释3:厄尔尼诺增大风切变
【段落大意】
P1
(现象:大西洋飓风数量激增)
The recent spike in hurricane activity in the North Atlantic—a trend that some scientists
blame on climate change actually reflects a return to normal frequency after a lull in the
1970s and 1980s, a new analysis confirms. Between 1995 and 2005, meteorologists
recorded an annual average of 4.1 category-3-or-stronger hurricanes in the North
Atlantic and the Caribbean. Such hurricanes exhibit steady wind speeds exceeding 178
kilometers per hour. From 1971 through 1994, however, an average of only 1.5 such
hurricanes swept through the same region each year, says K. Halimeda Kilbourne.
最近北大西洋飓风活动的激增-一些科学家将这一趋势归咎于气候变化-实际上在20 世纪70
年代和80 年代平静下来之后,飓风活动恢复了正常频率。 1995 年至2005 年期间,气象
学家记录了北大西洋和加勒比每年4.1 次的3 级或更强的飓风。这样的飓风表现稳定在风速
超178 公里每小时。然而,从1971 年到1994 年,平均每年只有1.5 次,古气候学家K 说。
(解释1:因为风切变和海:面温度)
Two factors thought to strongly influence hurricane formation are wind shear—an
atmospheric phenomenon in which adjacent layers of air move at different speeds or in
different directions—and sea-surface temperature. Strong wind shear tends to rip apart
tropical storms before they strengthen into hurricanes, says Kilbourne. On the other hand,
a sea-surface-temperature rise can provide more energy to a hurricane as it forms. 两个
因素影响飓风形成:
(1)风切变:一种大气现象,其中相邻的空气层以不同的速度或方向移动。强烈的风切变
往往会在飓风形成前将其撕裂;
(2)另一方面,海面温升可以提供更多的能量形成飓风。
P2
(解释2:通过两种生物现象了解风切变)
Kilbourne and her colleagues studied a variety of marine records to estimate year-to-year
variations in wind shear back to 1730. For instance, the luminescence of growth rings in
coral under ultraviolet light reveals how much organic matter has been washed from land
by thunderstorms, which don't form as readily or as often if wind shear is high. Also, the
abundance of the plankton species Globigerina bulloides is also affected by wind shear,
as stronger winds enhance ocean upwelling, providing the critters with more nutrients.
K 和同事研究了各种海洋记录,以估计1730 年以来风切变的年际变化。
(1)珊瑚在紫外线下的生长年轮的发光,揭示了有多少有机物被风暴从陆地上冲走,如果
风切变很大,这种物质就不那么容易、经常形成。
(2)浮游生物G 的丰富度也受到风切变的影响,因为强风增强了海洋上升流,为这些生物
提供了更多的营养。
P3
(评价:风切变影响更大)
When the researchers looked for correlations between wind shear, other scientists'
estimates of sea-surface temperature, and hurricane frequency, they found that wind
shear has a much stronger influence in the North Atlantic than surface temperature does.
当研究人员寻找风切变、其他科学家研究海平面与飓风频率之间的关系时,他们发现风切变
对北大西洋的影响比海平面温度的影响大。
P4
(解释3:厄尔尼诺增大风切变)
Other analyses of long-term natural records bolster the connection between strong wind
shear and reduced hurricane frequency. By studying sediments from a lake in Ecuador
and a lagoon in eastern Puerto Rico, he and his colleagues compared the timing of
hurricanes during the past 5,000 years with that of El Nicosia--weather phenomena that
increase wind shear over the North Atlantic.
其他对长期自然记录的分析支持了风切变和飓风负相关。通过研究E 和P 的沉积物,他们
将过去5000 年的飓风时间与厄尔尼诺进行了比较-这种天气现象增加了北大西洋上空的风
切变。 |
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