[求助]阅读中的语法问题

liu977

天山9－Q5－Q7

In American Genesis, which covers

the century of technological innovation

in the United States beginning in 1876,

Thomas Hughes assigns special promi-

(5) nence to Thomas Edison as archetype

of the independent nineteenth-century

inventor. However, Hughes virtually

ignores Edison’s famous contemporary

and notorious adversary in

(10) the field of electric light and power,

George Westinghouse. This comparative

neglect of Westinghouse is

consistent with other recent historians’

works, although it marks an intriguing

(15) departure from the prevailing view

during the inventors’ lifetimes (and for

decades afterward) of Edison and

Westinghouse as the two “pioneer

innovators” of the electrical industry.

(20) My recent reevaluation of Westinghouse,

facilitated by materials found

in railroad archives, suggests that

while Westinghouse and Edison shared

important traits as inventors, they

(25) differed markedly in their approach to

the business aspects of innovation.

For Edison as an inventor, novelty

was always paramount: the overriding

goal of the business of innovation was

(30) simply to generate funding for new

inventions. Edison therefore undertook

just enough sales, product development,

and manufacturing to accomplish this.

Westinghouse, however, shared the

(35) attitudes of the railroads and other

industries for whom he developed

innovations: product development,

standardization, system, and order

were top priorities. Westinghouse

(40) thus better exemplifies the systematic

approach to technological development

that would become a hallmark of modern

corporate research and development.

Q7:

The author of the passage implies that the shift away from the views of Westinghouse’s contemporaries should be regarded as

A. a natural outgrowth of the recent revival of interest in Edison
B. a result of scholarship based on previously unknown documents
C. reflective of modern neglect of the views of previous generations
D. inevitable, given the changing trends in historical interpretations
E. surprising, given the stature that Westinghouse once had

我的问题是1.选项中的E这句话的结构是怎么回事？given the 。。。这句应该怎么和前面联系？2.文中用红字标出的那句话怎么翻译？其实这些问题应该发到语法区，anyway，请大家多帮帮忙吧

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-8-26 21:53:45编辑过]

蓝夕叶子

您可以先标出题号吗？^_^

liu977

表好意思，已经修正啦。。。

wangyu73cn

我觉得是在。。。条件下的意思。

列出词霸的解释，供参考：
Specified; fixed:
指定的；确定的：
We will meet at a given time and location.
我们将在指定的时间和地点见面

Granted as a supposition; acknowledged or assumed:
假设的：假定的；承认的或假设的：
Given the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.
倘若这发动机能发动的话，可真是不可思议

Having a tendency; inclined:
有…倾向的；易于…的：
My neighbor is given to lavish spending.
我的邻居喜欢乱花钱

Bestowed as a gift; presented.
赠送的：作为礼物给予的；赠送的
Law Issued on a specified date. Used of legal documents.
【法律】 施行的，公布的：在指定日期发行的。用在法律文件中
n.（名词）

Something assumed or taken for granted. Often used in the plural.
假设：假设的或想当然的事物。常用复数