GWD8－Q9

liu977

[讨论] gwd 8－Q9

The system of patentgranting,

which confers

temporary monopolies for

Line the exploitation of new tech-

(5) nologies, was originally

established as an incentive

to the pursuit of risky new

ideas. Yet studies of the

most patent-conscious

(10) business of all—the semiconductor

industry—suggest

that firms do not necessarily

become more innovative as

they increase their patenting

(15) activity. Ziedonis and Hall,

for example, found that

investment in research and

development (a reasonable

proxy for innovation) did

(20) not substantially increase

between 1982 and 1992,

the industry’s most feverish

period of patenting. Instead,

semiconductor firms simply

(25) squeezed more patents out

of existing research and

development expenditures.

Moreover, Ziedonis and

Hall found that as patenting

(30) activity at semiconductor

firms increased in the

1980’s, the consensus

among industry employees

was that the average quality

(35) of their firms’ patents

declined. Though patent

quality is a difficult notion

to measure, the number of

times a patent is cited in

(40) the technical literature is

a reasonable yardstick, and

citations per semiconductor

patent did decline during

the 1980’s. This decline in

(45) quality may be related to

changes in the way semiconductor

firms managed

their patenting process:

rather than patenting to win

(50) exclusive rights to a valuable

new technology, patents

were filed more for strategic

purposes, to be used as

bargaining chips to ward

(55) off infringement suites or

as a means to block

competitors’ products.

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Q9:

The passage makes which of the following claims about patent quality in the semiconductor industry?



A. It was higher in the early 1980's than it was a decade later.

B. It is largerly independent of the number of patents granted.

C. It changed between 1982 and 1992 in ways that were linked to changes in

   research and development expenditures.

D. It is not adequately in the industry's technical literature.(A)

E. It was measured by inappropriate means during the period from 1982 to 1992.

这题我已看过前人的讨论，但是还有一些个人看法想和大家讨论一下。

前人对B的排除理由都是文中没有直接提及patent quality和number of patents granted的关系，但是我觉得B在文中有明确提及，而且错在给出的是dependent的关系，见黄色标出的话，即当专利活动变多时，其专利的质量下降，不知道我理解的对不对？请指教

wangyu73cn

我觉得，文中所说的情况只是阶段性的，并非一般情况，不具有行业普遍规律的代表性。所以并不能由楼主标出的部分来说明行业的一般规律。只有补充说明这个行业在任何时间都具有这种专利的数量与质量之间的关系，才能得出楼主的考虑。

就像说，资本主义在美国成功了，但不能说明在中国也成功一样。只有补充说明，将资本主义移植到中国，结果也成功了，才能说明资本主义在中美都成功。鉴于将资本主义移植中国的构想和社会主义初级阶段在中国的现实差距甚远，所以此问题还悬而未决。所以认定，继而坚持一个中心两个基本点的现实和发展道路。跑题了。^_^