大全63－21

liu977

大全63－21

Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early

history of the United States by applying new social

research findings on the experiences of European

migrants. In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the

(5) organizing principle for rewriting the history of prein-

dustrial North America. His approach rests on four

separate propositions.

      The first of these asserts that residents of early

modern England moved regularly about their coun-

(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was simply a

“natural spillover.” Although at first the colonies held

little positive attraction for the English---they would

rather have stayed home—by the eighteenth century

people increasingly migrated to America because they

(15) regarded it as the land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn

holds that, contrary to the notion that used to flourish in

America history textbooks, there was never a typical

New World community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New England towns

(20) varied considerably.

Bailyn’s third proposition suggests two general

patterns prevailing among the many thousands of

migrants: one group came as indentured servants,

another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn

(25) suggests that those who recruited indentured servants

were the driving forces of transatlantic migration. These

colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social char-

acter of people who came to preindustrial North America.

At first, thousands of unskilled laborers were recruited;

(30) by the 1730’s, however, American employers demanded

skilled artisans.

   Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a half-

civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He

is undoubtedly correct to insist that the colonies were

(35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide the

empire into English core and colonial periphery, as

Bailyn does, devalues the achievements of colonial

culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in

the colonies never matched that in England. But what

(40) of seventeenth-century New England, where the settlers

created effective laws, built a distinguished university,

and published books? Bailyn might respond that New

England was exceptional. However, the ideas and insti-

tutions developed by New England Puritans had power-

(45) ful effects on North American culture.

   Although Bailyn goes on to apply his approach to

some thousands of indentured servants who migrated

just prior to the revolution, he fails to link their experi-

ence with the political development of the United States.

(50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might

make such a connection. These indentured servants were

treated as slaves for the period during which they had

sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising

that as soon as they served their time they passed up

(55) good wages in the cities and headed west to ensure their

personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is in

the west that a peculiarly American political culture

began, among colonists who were suspicious of

authority and intensely antiaristocratic.

4. According to the passage, Bailyn and the author agree on which of the following statements about the culture of colonial New England?

  (A) High culture in New England never equaled the high culture of England.

  (D) The southern colonies were greatly influenced by the high culture of New England.

请教一下怎么辨别这两个选项？看不出A在哪里体现了，虽然D中的southern不对，但做题时还是勉强选了。。。

yellowmellon

38_39

"It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in

the colonies never matched that in England. "

" For example, the economic and demographic character of early New England towns

(20) varied considerably."这是文中第一次提到New England,可见NE就是后面提到的colonies.

你再读读看，A就比较明显了。

潜龙勿用

选A的原因定位在这句话:It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in

the colonies never matched that in England.

liu977

有点明白啦～～再揣摩一下。。。谢谢二位