急问:GWD-28-30新题

aeoluseros

以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-3 15:33:00的发言：
每個choice都有點毛病...
D和E中的which好像沒有合邏輯意思的指代.
如果which是指代:
- cuts and sprains, 意思不對
- the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, 意思也不對

以下是引用likui在2005-7-14 22:03:00的发言：

这题讨论过，我觉得应该选D；这里it指代area；

in which 和in a distinct平行对称；

inflammatory response 和more localized response平行对称，且符合unlike的意思。

result in是短语啊，不能用并列来解释的.

这道题我也当初选了A.我认为A里面is more localized and resulting没有问题，因为is是助动词，只是一个是进行体助动词，一个是被动助动词，但是既然同时助动词那就应该能够省略.D里面which的指代确有alienx兄说的错误.

不是很清楚until后面用it has healed和it heals什么区别.但是感觉在宽泛的时间范围里还是用一般现在时比较好.

aeoluseros

以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-3 16:39:00的发言：
A中的"with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals" 可以看作非限制修cuts and sprains.
A中比較不好的是"is more localized and resulting":
- 第二個is不應該省, 因為is localized跟is resulting的兩個is工能上不一樣, 可是我不決定GMAC會否接受這種省略.
- 假設GMAC接受這種省略, 另一個問題是好像沒有必要用現在進行時態(is resulting)
個人傾向A, 因為在5個choices中A是相對比較好...

我觉得immobilizing和resulting对仗得挺好，都是强调一个过程

D的比较对象不好,而且"until it has healed"中it该是指 "cuts and sprains",单复数有错.只是句子更通顺一些.

这句话我强烈赞同，读起来的时候我看it第一个回首找先行词时就是cuts and sprains

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-8 0:11:02编辑过]

AlienX

umm...aeoluseros兄說得是, 如果都是助動詞, 可以省.
可是在A中的第一個is不是助動因為localized是一個形容詞而不是一個(被)動詞

"不同工能的動詞不能省"的說法來自The Handbook of Good English:
Sometimes an omitted verb has the same form as a supplied verb but a different meaning. He is crazy already and quickly driving his wife crazy
may look fine – not only is the verb supplied in the first construction
but it is unchanged in form in the second construction.  However, the
omission of is in the second construction is at best questionable. In the first construction, is is a linking verb – He is crazy – but in the second construction, it is an auxiliary verb – He is driving.
The same word should not be forced to carry two different meanings, so
it should be repeated in the second construction. Occasionally the
multiple meanings of verbs are used deliberately for a humorous effect,
a device sometimes also called syllepsis but more precisely called
zeugma: He took his hat and his leave.

當
然, GMAC/ETS的grammar/usage用法不一定跟The Handbook of Good English的一致,
可是在沒有OG明確指出"不同工能的動詞*能*省"(or 有OG/Prep句子支持這個說法)之前,
我覺得只能相信其它有權威性的grammar/usage books...

儘管如此, 如果我考時候碰到這題, 我還是會choose A, 因為別的choices的錯誤是correctiveness的錯誤....

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 7:33:11编辑过]

aeoluseros

umm...在语法上有分三种被动句：主要被动句、半被动句、假拟被动句，但只有第一种能被称为真正意 义上的被动语态。
区分的原则在于：所有的分词形容词都具有静态意义，而相应的动词通常没有静态意义。
我想后面用了resulting说明这是一个过程，所以localize也是一个贯穿整个过程的动态过程，一直局限着伤口使之不会widespread，故is localized应该可以被看做是一个agent不明的被动式。
同时也可以看做一个形容词表达静态含义：一直局限在一小块地方没有改变。
就像这个句子：
The man was offended.
offended解释为分词则强调动作的过程，如果解释为形容词则强调动作所产生的状态。

或有分析不当，open to discuss.

天蝎座1107

Unlike the body’s inflammatory response to cuts and sprains, with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting in a distinct line dividing affected and unaffected areas of the skin.

A: with widespread swelling and stiffness immobilizing the injured area until it heals, the body’s response to sunburn is more localized and resulting

B: where the injured area is immobilized with widespread swelling and stiffness until it has healed, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, which results instead

C: with the injured area immobilized by means of widespread swelling and stiffness until healing, sunburn generates a more localized response in the body, one resulting

D: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until it has healed, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results

E: in which widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area until healing, instead, the body’s more localized response to sunburn results

已解决。我认为选D。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 13:03:36编辑过]

天蝎座1107

见18楼

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:40:04编辑过]

AlienX

umm...16樓的mm, which是不可能指代the injured area
2 reasons:
- which的指代的對象只有在which的前面, no exception so far in OG/Prep
- 如果which是指代the injured area, 那句子會變成in the injured area widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area.

天蝎座1107

以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-4 11:04:00的发言：
umm...16樓的mm, which是不可能指代the injured area
2 reasons:
- which的指代的對象只有在which的前面, no exception so far in OG/Prep
- 如果which是指代the injured area, 那句子會變成in the injured area widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area.

版主是我弄错啦。我现在觉得which 是指cuts and sprains啦

版主，我认真又想了想，最终确定认为which是指inflammory response. 我觉得这个题的结构就是，unlike inflammory response, in which一个定语从句补充说明inflammory response是怎样的，the body's response是怎样的。我修改了我15楼的解释，请版主看看对不对?

主要我不选A和C还是因为这个with, 我又读了读句子，觉得如果用with独立主格结构，with都面的内容到底是说哪个response的？会让人误解为是说后面的the body's response啊，所以要改成in which强调清楚是说的前面inflammory response，因为后面widespread swelling and stiffiness明显是inflammory引起炎症的response的症状啊。

版主你不在线也可以回复吗？

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:39:05编辑过]

AlienX

umm..."in that inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area"
"在response裡"意思不通...
however, one can say, "in response to something...."
所以which指inflammatory response會不對....

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:27:59编辑过]

天蝎座1107

以下是引用AlienX在2009-3-4 11:28:00的发言：
umm..."in that inflammatory response widespread swelling and stiffness immobilize the injured area"
"在response裡"意思不通...
however, one can say, "in response to something...."
所以which指inflammatory response會不對....

版主，我觉得这个in which 就是说 在这样的response中...而不是in response to的固定搭配

版主我重新解释了，你看对不对，就在15楼

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-4 11:42:00编辑过]