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看到jj有说人与鸟中耳的区别,我想补充一点。
Although the stapedius muscle of a bird always contracts during vocalization and swallowing, it does not appear to contract reflexively(反身地,反射地,和reflectively差不多) in response to loud external sounds.【对external sound没有反应】 The primary role of the muscle in birds, then, seems to be the prevention of sensory overload of the auditory receptors during the birds' own loud cries.【鸟类的中耳肌肉只减弱自己发出的声音】 Indeed, the screech of seagulls and the crow of cocks can result in sound-pressure levels of as much as 130 decibels (measured at the head)-about the level of noise produced by ajet engine 15 meters away.
来源:http://www.medizinisches-coaching.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Mittelohrmuskeln_Borg_1989.pdf?x47477
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