揽瓜阁逻辑做题小分队 第32天

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1. Overused phrases, known as clichés, are rightly criticized because their original distinctive meanings have been so watered down by overuse and misuse that they have lost their precision. Thus, politicians running for office would be more successful at communicating their policies and therefore would be more successful in their efforts to get elected, if they did not use clichés in their speeches.
Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the argument’s reasoning?
(A) Voters generally choose candidates more on the basis of the candidates’ parties’ policies than on the candidates’ own policies.
(B) It frequently aids candidates’ efforts to get elected if the candidates do not clearly communicate what their policies are.
(C) In the course of a political campaign a candidate will often have to give the same speech, or essentially the same speech, many time to many different audiences.
(D) Most voters choose which candidate to vote for largely on the voter’s understanding of the candidate’s policies.
(E) Contrary to the widespread cynicism toward politicians, most candidates are not interested simply in getting elected, but want to get elected on the basis of the policies that they favor.


2. Journalist: Researchers surveyed 1,000 people who had experienced personal catastrophes. They found that those who formulated new personal goals after such disasters achieved personal readjustment more effectively and more quickly than those who had not done so. Assuming that the study was done correctly, it follows that to bring about readjustment in such people most quickly and most effectively, counselors should mainly focus on encouraging their clients to formulate new personal goals.
Which of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the journalist's reasoning?
(A) The journalist relies on the use of emotively colored language, rather than on the presentation of data.
(B) The argument fails to consider that the readjustment even of those who have not experienced personal catastrophes might be expedited by the formulation of new personal goals.
(C) The argument fails to consider whether, for those who have experienced personal catastrophes in their lives, maintaining previous personal goals might be beneficial for readjustment.
(D) The journalist’s generalization about what counselors should do relies on a study that, in its collection of data, did not include a sample of counselors.
(E) The argument fails to consider the possibility that formation of new personal goals is an early stage of readjustment rather than its cause.



参考答案：
BE