一道XDF的逻辑题，很崩溃！求助！

秋晨小仔

寒假去上新东方的时候讲义上的一道题，我做了好几遍还是错的。。。题目如下：

Editorial: Policies recently imposed by the administration of Resinie call for unprecedented reductions in the amounts of pollutants producers are allowed to discharge into the environment. It will take overpriced new pollution control facility requiring expensive maintenance to comply with these policies. Resultant price increases for Resinie manufactured products will lead to the loss of some export markets. Obviously, therefore, annual exports of Resinien manufactured products will in the future occur at diminished levels.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weaken the argument in the editorial?
A. The need to comply with the new policies will stimulate the development within Resinie of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.
B, The proposed Policies include a schedule of fines for noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeated noncompliance.
C. Savings from utilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remain for below the cost of maintaining the equipment.
D. By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Resinie’s manufacturing plants are not considered excessive.
E> The stockholders of most of Resinine’s manufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations to comply with environment laws.




我选了D，答案是A。。。为神马！求助各位！！

秋晨小仔

求帮助啊。。。各位大牛。。。

秋晨小仔

Help！！Help！！

eagly

conclusion is "therefore,  ...  "
weaken 这样的结论有两种，一是在中间嵌入一个链条，使price  increase不会导致market diminishes，；二是用“他因”，抵消price increase的作用，否定结论。
A 就是属于这种。
BC加强。
DE无关。
D的 standard 等于是against background（第一句）

秋晨小仔

我替我朋友问一个问题。
他当时也是选的D，他的reasoning是“cause if the company is under what is considered excess，then they wont have to purchase the machinery or raise prices，so it can keep their current export base".我觉得他的推理有问题但是我说不上来哪里有问题，是不是加入了一些主观因素？还望这位G友解释一下。。。

nomailman

答案的因果关系比较隐晦。我觉得考试中不大容易出现这种题。

A: The need to comply with the new policies will stimulate the development within Resinie of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.

Resinie环保标准提高，刺激Resinie当地大力发展环保设备产业，同时“control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge”表明，全球对这种设备的需求也会出现，这表明“全球的标准都在提高”，所以国外竞争对手的环保成本也会相应提高。

延伸一下，因为Resinie当地是这种环保设备的主产地，所以对Resinie当地的厂商来说，设备的成本反而可能比国外竞争对手更低。

秋晨小仔

呃。。。这位大神，我表示我没有看懂。。。。不过我先替我朋友问您个问题。他当时也是选的D，他的reasoning是“cause if the company is under what is considered excess，then they wont have to purchase the machinery or raise prices，so it can keep their current export base".我觉得他的推理有问题但是我说不上来哪里有问题，是不是加入了一些主观因素？还是怎样。。。我跟他怎么说才能说清楚呢。。

秋晨小仔

呃。。。我看懂了，但是麻烦您再看一下我朋友的问题。。。thx

nomailman

D：By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Resinie’s manufacturing plants are not considered excessive.

D提到“international standards”，犯了“out of scope”的错误，因为Resinie的企业可以完全不受“international standards”的约束。原文明确说“imposed by the administration of Resinie call for unprecedented reductions ”，Resinie当地企业受Resinie当地administration的管理……

不知说得是否清楚。

秋晨小仔

您说的很对！，这个确实是无中生有，我和我朋友都懂了，谢谢您了~