问一道逻辑题 实在做不出来！！

轩辕亦舒

旧prep里面的 假设题 实在是这2个选项分不清楚 麻烦高人指点！！！

Bank depositors in the United States are all financially protected against bank failure because the government insures all individuals' bank deposits.An economist argues that this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is secure against failure.If depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors' money.

The economist's argument makes which of the following assumptions?

(D) The difference in the interest rates paid to depositors by different banks is not a significant factor in bank failures.

(E) Potential depositors are able to determine which banks are secure against failure.

答案是E
我选了D  因为我觉得就是否定了一个可能让结论成立的答案  但是我取非了觉得不一定能削弱原文 因为取非后 interest rate 是bank failure很重要的原因 并不代表government的原因不重要
但是E  我觉得如果取非的话  如果人们没有能力辨别，那就可能deposit到sucure低的bank 那么bank就会破产 但是跟government也没有关系啊？  

希望牛人指点啊 不胜感激！！！

kukumalu1989

旧prep里面的 假设题 实在是这2个选项分不清楚 麻烦高人指点！！！

Bank depositors in the United States are all financially protected against bank failure because the government insures all individuals' bank deposits.An economist argues that this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is secure against failure.If depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors' money.

The economist's argument makes which of the following assumptions?

(D) The difference in the interest rates paid to depositors by different banks is not a significant factor in bank failures.

(E) Potential depositors are able to determine which banks are secure against failure.

答案是E
我选了D  因为我觉得就是否定了一个可能让结论成立的答案  但是我取非了觉得不一定能削弱原文 因为取非后 interest rate 是bank failure很重要的原因 并不代表government的原因不重要
但是E  我觉得如果取非的话  如果人们没有能力辨别，那就可能deposit到sucure低的bank 那么bank就会破产 但是跟government也没有关系啊？  

希望牛人指点啊 不胜感激！！！

-- by 会员 轩辕亦舒 (2010/7/24 10:06:15)

我看不太懂你的取非之类的学术词的说……
不过这个题主要意思就是说：正是政府担保使得存款人没有动机去辨别银行的好坏，如果没有这种担保，银行才会注意提高业绩以吸引客户。既然能凭业绩吸引客户，就需要客户有能力辨别 不然不是白竞争了……所以E是对的
至于D，首先这个选项跟原文没什么关系，根本就没有提到利率的问题。
另外，题目问的是假设。即使假设利率对depositor行为有影响，可以分析一下：存款人还是不会对银行风险进行辨别，那么当然会选利率给的高的。但是越是有风险的银行给的利率会越高，所以这个政府担保仍然会导致存款人不辨别银行随便存款，而如果没有了政府担保，存款人就会在利率与风险之间做个平衡，也是符合原文的。而这个假设成立依然要以E为前提。

loverwy

如果对D取非，说的是“The difference in the interest rates paid to depositors by different banks is a significant factor in bank failures.”, 但 "a significant factor"不代表是"the only factor", 所以D不能成为假设。

关于E, 其实就有点像有道题，说的是某学校要根据老师是否effective来决定是否被开除，文章假设的前提是“有办法能够决定老师是否effective”.

有点像手段目的型，手段不仅要达到目的，而且手段必须可行。