揽瓜阁逻辑做题小分队 第101天

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Business analyst: For industrial corporations in Country X, the total money spent this year for compliance with the new pollution laws was more than 500 million dollars. As a result, profits and stock prices for industrial corporations have declined noticeably. If the government does not want this heavy burden to drag down the country's industries every year, it will need to revoke the new laws.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the business analyst's argument?

A. Whether the government of Country X realizes that its regulatory activity is placing a large burden on industrial corporations.
B. What types of pollution are the most strictly regulated by the new pollution laws passed by Country X
C. Which one of the new pollution laws led to the greatest declines in profits and stock prices for industrial corporations
D. What proportion of the money spent on compliance with the new pollution laws was used for new equipment enabling compliance with those laws for many years to come
E. Whether adding further anti-pollution laws to the existing ones would cause a significant further reduction in the level of pollution in Country X


After an increase in the number of boating accidents in Jackson Province last year, the province began requiring that all applicants for boating licenses pass a safety course in order to obtain or renew their licenses. During the first six months of this year, the number of boating accidents was significantly smaller than during the first six months of last year. Therefore, the new requirement has probably increased safety-consciousness among boaters in Jackson Province.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
(A) Jackson Province has significantly more water-rescue boats in its patrol fleet this year than it had last year.
(B) The safety course now being required of boating-license applicants is substantially similar to optional safety courses offered in years past.
(C) Before this year, very few people in Jackson Province were fined for operating a boat without a valid license.
(D) The average number of boats on the water per day in Jackson Province was no less of this year than during the first six months of last year.
(E) During the first six months of this year, there were less storms that caused difficult boating conditions in Jackson Province than during the first six months of last year.



参考答案：
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zyycn

1、因为今年遵守新法律会造成企业负担，所以往后每一年都会造成负担。
问：evaluate
思考：因果论证，考虑削弱因果联系或他因削弱。

A：是否政府意识到这些监管给企业带来了负担。意不意识到都不影响结论。
B：新法律最严格控制的污染是哪些种类。无关。
C：哪个法律导致下降最厉害。无关。
D：遵守监管所花的钱有多少比例用于新设备，而新设备在往后若干年都符合监管。正确，削弱因果联系，如果比例高，则往后就不用再花钱了，因而不会造成负担，反之则造成负担。
E：再新增反污染法律会不会减少污染。无关。

选D

2、现象：今年事故数量比去年同期大幅减少，原因：课程要求有效提高了人们安全意识。
问strength
思考：果因论证，考虑加强因果联系、排除他因削弱、类比加强和直接加强原因

A：救生船数量今年比去年增加。他因削弱。
B：今年要求的课程数量比去年可选的课程数量少很多。无法加强今年是课程提高了人们安全意识。
C：以往很少有人因为没有有效执照而被罚。无法加强今年是课程提高了人们安全意识。
D：今年的船不比去年少。正确，排除他因削弱。
E：今年风暴比去年少。他因削弱。

选D

AliceJQC

Business analyst: For industrial corporations in Country X, the total money spent this year for compliance with the new pollution laws was more than 500 million dollars. As a result, profits and stock prices for industrial corporations have declined noticeably. If the government does not want this heavy burden to drag down the country's industries every year, it will need to revoke the new laws.X国的工业公司今年花了很多钱在应对新的污染法律，导致利润和股票价格下降。如果政府不希望对国家工业造成这么大的负担，就需要撤回新法律
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the business analyst's argument?

A. Whether the government of Country X realizes that its regulatory activity is placing a large burden on industrial corporations.  无关
B. What types of pollution are the most strictly regulated by the new pollution laws passed by Country X  与污染的种类无关
C. Which one of the new pollution laws led to the greatest declines in profits and stock prices for industrial corporations  跟哪个法规无关
D. What proportion of the money spent on compliance with the new pollution laws was used for new equipment enabling compliance with those laws for many years to come   有多大比例今年化的钱是为了买新设备应对新法规可以用未来好多年，说明只是今年第一年花了很多钱，之后就不会了
E. Whether adding further anti-pollution laws to the existing ones would cause a significant further reduction in the level of pollution in Country X  与污染程度无关，政府是想坚强工业公司的负担

After an increase in the number of boating accidents in Jackson Province last year, the province began requiring that all applicants for boating licenses pass a safety course in order to obtain or renew their licenses. During the first six months of this year, the number of boating accidents was significantly smaller than during the first six months of last year. Therefore, the new requirement has probably increased safety-consciousness among boaters in Jackson Province.
在J省的划船事故数量上升，去年政府提出要求所有有划船执照的人参加安全课程。在今年的前六个月，划船事故数量比去年减少了，说明新规定加强了人的安全意识
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
(A) Jackson Province has significantly more water-rescue boats in its patrol fleet this year than it had last year.  跟有没有救援船无关
(B) The safety course now being required of boating-license applicants is substantially similar to optional safety courses offered in years past.  去年今年安全课程差不多，无法说明问题
(C) Before this year, very few people in Jackson Province were fined for operating a boat without a valid license.   跟少量人因没有执照被罚款无关，
(D) The average number of boats on the water per day in Jackson Province was no less of this year than during the first six months of last year.   今年平均在水里的船的数量对比去年并没有减少，总量不变，事故下降，加强结论
(E) During the first six months of this year, there were less storms that caused difficult boating conditions in Jackson Province than during the first six months of last year.


今年比去年的划船环境更困难，那跟安全课程无关


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