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发表于 2021-6-13 08:01:21 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式

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The debate over the extent of regulation needed over Internet providers became more heated when, in 2005, the FCC determined that DSL services (technologies that use local telephone networks to transmit digital data) would no longer be controlled by common carrier regulations, but by "net neutrality principles." Net neutrality is a phrase that once applied to technical matters regarding the preference given to data applications over voice and video applications on the Internet, but is now used more broadly to stand for a general evenhandedness when it comes to how network operators (telecommunication firms and cable companies) interact with the content providers who use the networks. Most people take for granted that the network operators have no reason to favor one content provider or Web site over another. If only for practical reasons, however, discrimination of this sort can take place. In order to manage the limited amount of available bandwidth, an operator might slow down a site that uses "too much" bandwidth. Proponents of net neutrality believe that this is unfair, and that limiting bandwidth can be accomplished on the user side, as is done in Australia, without directly punishing the provider.

Interestingly, the battle cry of innovation is heard from both proponents and opponents of net neutrality. Proponents believe that favoring certain applications can slow the adoption of newer, better ones. Even the World Wide Web itself might have been adopted sooner if not for the preference shown for Gopher, a network protocol that preceded the Web. Opponents claim that discrimination of this sort is unavoidable but benign; some packets of information have different latency requirements and must therefore be handled differently. The way to spur innovation, they say, is to minimize government interference, let telecoms and cable companies do what they do best—provide improved products at competitive prices—and let the market separate the winners from the losers.

Currently, the FCC can levy substantial fines for the abuse of the net neutrality principles. It remains to be seen whether the threat of these fines will be enough to ensure that the Internet will be perceived as a level playing field for providers and end users alike.


Q1 : The primary purpose of the passage is to _______.
a) argue for the expected effectiveness of a change in how the Internet is regulated
b) discuss some of the issues surrounding a controversial subject
c) elaborate on the technical matters relating to an issue that affects telecommunication companies
d) speculate on the future of an industry
e) summarize the legal arguments surrounding a hotly debated topic

Q2: According to the passage, proponents of net neutrality _______.
a) want network providers to give preference to data applications
b) were opposed to the FCC ruling that put an end to DSL services being controlled by common carrier regulations
c) have been successful in affecting policy in Australia
d) believe that it is acceptable to place limits on band width
e) are currently in favor of increasing regulatory limits on content providers


Q3 :According to the passage, some people believe that latency requirements _______.
a) tend to affect data applications more than video applications
b) were not an issue with Gopher
c) are an excuse for bandwidth discrimination
d) can slow innovation
e) are an unnecessary obstacle to making the Internet a level playing field


Q4: Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward the FCC’s decision?
a) Alarmed, but open-minded
b) Distrustful of both sides of the issue
c) Optimistic regarding the intent of the decision
d) Somewhat enthusiastic
e) Generally objective, though cautious


参考答案:
BDCE

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沙发
发表于 2021-6-13 09:52:14 | 只看该作者
edee
板凳
发表于 2021-6-13 10:05:53 发自手机 Web 版 | 只看该作者
edde
地板
发表于 2021-6-13 18:59:01 | 只看该作者
ABDE
5#
发表于 2021-6-13 20:56:06 | 只看该作者
BBCE 正答BDCE错题解析 题2 net neutrality principle指的是让网络自己选择,而不是运营商干涉。
Proponents of net neutrality believe that this is unfair这里this指的是前句operator might slow down a site...

D选项believe that it is acceptable to place limits on band width是定位句limiting bandwidth can be accomplished on the user side的同义替换。可以limiting,但是是由用户方自己操作。
题3考察分号;并列逻辑的解释作用Opponents claim that discrimination of this sort is unavoidable but benign; some packets of information have different latency requirements and must therefore be handled differently.

6#
发表于 2021-6-13 22:56:08 | 只看该作者
bece
7#
发表于 2021-6-14 13:32:27 | 只看该作者
BBCE
8#
发表于 2021-6-14 20:55:57 | 只看该作者
1. 网络中立性的实施引起了争议,这个政策罢免了运营商决定Internet的权利,事实上有歧视存在,运营商在有限的bandwidth里会给一些地区优先权,支持NNP的人提出这样是不公平
2. 分别讨论了支持者和反对者的理由:支持者说地区歧视阻碍了创新;反对者说由于latency,所以地区歧视是合理的,并且减少了政府干涉,由市场竞争决定
3. 现在FCC靠这个政策获得很大一笔罚金
EDCE
9#
发表于 2021-6-15 11:53:56 | 只看该作者
bbce
10#
发表于 2021-6-15 15:18:16 | 只看该作者
BEDE
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