prep08 75题 不应该是方案型的呀

Spencer125

Whichof the following, if true, most logically completes the reasoning in thepassage?

Kernland’sgovernment restricts the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure alow-cost supply for domestic processing plants. Though the policy constrains farm income and limits the number offarmers who can profitably grow cashews, the government defends it on thegrounds that, since the processing plants are in urban areas, removing therestrictions would hurt efforts to reduce urban unemployment.  However, the policy may actually havecontributed to urban unemployment, since __________.

A.a lack of profitable crops is driving many small cashew farmers in Kernland offtheir land and into the cities

B.some of the by-products of cashew processing are used as raw materials by otherindustries located in Kernland’s cities

C.the government does not place similar restrictions on the export of any cropother than cashews

D.the income earned by workers in the processing plants is generally greater thanthat earned by agricultural laborers in rural areas

E.without governmental aid in some form, Kernland’s cashew processing plantswould not be able to compete for sales in world markets

Helr说本题是方案型。但看看黄字体标记部分，这不是明显是方案的论证吗？我们说方案型问题是“有目标，有决策，没论证，待评估”。这不和Helr总结相矛盾了吗？

Lynsey玲

Vivian1091 发表于 2013-8-9 08:22
为了 不生病，我们要经常锻炼。
aim：不生病
plan：经常锻炼

嗯~谢谢指点哈~~
想了一下，可不可以这样理解：如果说方案被“评估”了，那一定是存在论证过程的，没有论证过程也就不存在推理，也就没必要评估；
而单纯的方案推理，结论就是方案，后面补充的内容可能仅仅是原理（怎么做），或者单纯说会达到目标（这样做了will....）,而没有给出论证过程如何达到目标。
下面是几道OG的题，之前不确定，刚刚重新想了下，方便的话能帮我看下这样判断的是否正确吗？麻烦了~~
46. If the county continues to collect residential trash at current levels, landfills will soon be overflowing and parkland will need to be used in order to create more space. Charging each household a fee for each pound of trash it puts out for collection will induce residents to reduce the amount of trash they create; this charge will therefore protect the remaining county parkland.
Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?
(A) Residents will reduce the amount of trash they put out for collection by reducing the number of products they buy.
(B) The collection fee will not significantly affect the purchasing power of most residents, even if their households do not reduce the amount of trash they put out.
(C) The collection fee will not induce residents to dump their trash in the parklands illegally.
(D) The beauty of county parkland is an important issue for most of the county’s residents.
(E) Landfills outside the county’s borders could be used as dumping sites for the county’s trash.
因为论证了：收费-->reduce trash they create-->protect parkland
所以这个是因果

69. Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
By competing with rodents for seeds, black ants help control rodent populations that pose a public health risk. However, a very aggressive species of black ant, the Loma ant, which has recently invaded a certain region, has a venomous sting that is often fatal to humans. Therefore, the planned introduction into that region of ant flies, which prey on Loma ants, would benefit public health, since____.

(A) ant flies do not attack black ants other than Loma ants
(B） Loma ants are less effective than many bird species in competing with rodents for seeds
(C) certain other species of black ants are more effective than Loma ants in competing with rodents for seeds
(D) the sting of Loma ants can also be fatal to rodents
(E) some pesticides that could be used to control Loma ants are harmful to the environment
这个没有论证，只说了会benefit，所以是方案

88. Businesses are suffering because of a lack of money available for development loans. To help businesses, the government plans to modify the income-tax structure in order to induce individual taxpayers to put a larger portion of their incomes into retirement savings accounts, because as more money is deposited in such accounts, more money becomes available to borrowers.
Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the government’s plan to increase the amount of money available for development loans for businesses?
(A) When levels of personal retirement savings increase, consumer borrowing always increases correspondingly.
(B) The increased tax revenue the government would receive as a result of business expansion would not offset the loss in revenue from personal income taxes during the first year of the plan.
(C) Even with tax incentives, some people will choose not to increase their levels of retirement savings.
(D) Bankers generally will not continue to lend money to businesses whose prospective earnings are insufficient to meet their loan repayment schedules.
(E) The modified tax structure would give all taxpayers, regardless of their incomes, the same tax savings for a given increase in their retirement savings.
这个有论证过程：实施方案-->more money in these accounts-->more money to borrowers应该是因果;所以是因果

111. Springfield Fire Commissioner: The vast majority of false fire alarms are prank calls made anonymously from fire alarm boxes on street corners. Since virtually everyone has access to a private telephone, these alarm boxes have outlived their usefulness. Therefore, we propose to remove the boxes. Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
(A) The fire department traces all alarm calls made from private telephones and records where they came from.
(B) Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs Springfield approximately $5 million annually.
(C) A telephone call can provide the fire department with more information about the nature and size of a fire than can an alarm placed from an alarm box.
(D) Responding to false alarms significantly reduces the fire department’s capacity for responding to fires.
(E) On any given day, a significant percentage of the public telephones in Springfield are out of service.
这个没有论证过程，只说了会达到目标，所以是方案

Vivian1091

Spencer125 发表于 2013-8-8 15:04
其实，也许Helr总结CQ1 和 CQ2有时界限也很模糊。但只要能作对题就行了。希望此方法能解一切逻辑题。  迩 ...

115. Guidebook writer: I have visited hotels throughout the country and have noticed that in those built before 1930 the quality of the original carpentry work is generally superior to that in hotels built afterward. Clearly carpenters working on hotels before 1930 typically worked with more skill, care, and effort than carpenters who have worked on hotels built subsequently.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the guidebook writer’s argument?

(A) The quality of original carpentry in hotels is generally far superior to the quality of original carpentry in other structures, such as houses and stores.

(B) Hotels built since 1930 can generally accommodate more guests than those built before 1930.

(C) The materials available to carpenters working before 1930 were not significantly different in quality from the materials available to carpenters working after 1930.

(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is to fall into disuse and be demolished.

(E) The average length of apprenticeship for carpenters has declined significantly since 1930.

这两个题正确答案的思路一样
这个题和那个经济危机，第一年 cedit extended的比率很高，第二年就 回复正常了是一个原理。因为第一年不合格的 都被挤掉了啊啊啊！

Vivian1091

Lynsey玲 发表于 2013-8-9 00:13
嗯~可是说目标的反面的同时也还是涉及到了restriction（方案）呢~~不是也是从侧面论证了方案的必要吗？比 ...

为了 不生病，我们要经常锻炼。
aim：不生病
plan：经常锻炼
为了aim，要plan
如果按这样的说法，这种句式都算是论证方案的话，那么就没有不论证的了。

我个人建议是，不要从 汉语字面意思去理解，这个 “没评估” 中的“评估”只是对一类现象的总结。我们暂且不说 这个汉语的词 是否能完全对应 他背后所描述的那种现象，我们假设 他是精准对应的。但您如果扣汉语字面意思来理解，可能您本来对汉语的理解就不到位，这两个字 只是对 一类现象的总结，您还是从现象 入手理解比较好。 把题目总结完以后，如果您觉得 对您来说 用另一个词概括这一类现象 对您来说 更方便 记忆和理解，您完全可以 换个词。。。

总之就是，一切的一切都要回归题目本身。总结的东西 是抽象和凝练的。可能您觉得 评估  这个词对你来说太误导了，你看见目标都会觉得是评估。建议您回归题目本身，自己总结出  不误导你 解题的 表述

Vivian1091

为了 不生病，我们要经常锻炼。
aim：不生病
plan：经常锻炼
为了aim，要plan
如果按这样的说法，这种句式都算是论证方案的话，那么就没有不论证的了。

我个人建议是，不要从 汉语字面意思去理解，这个 “没评估” 中的“评估”只是对一类现象的总结。我们暂且不说 这个汉语的词 是否能完全对应 他背后所描述的那种现象，我们假设 他是精准对应的。但您如果扣汉语字面意思来理解，可能您本来对汉语的理解就不到位，这两个字 只是对 一类现象的总结，您还是从现象 入手理解比较好。 把题目总结完以后，如果您觉得 对您来说 用另一个词概括这一类现象 对您来说 更方便 记忆和理解，您完全可以 换个词。。。

总之就是，一切的一切都要回归题目本身。总结的东西 是抽象和凝练的。可能您觉得 评估  这个词对你来说太误导了，你看见目标都会觉得是评估。建议您回归题目本身，自己总结出  不误导你 解题的 表述。

Lynsey玲

Vivian1091 发表于 2013-8-8 23:27
之前帖子有个字写错了。是目标的反面。不是反面论证。

嗯~可是说目标的反面的同时也还是涉及到了restriction（方案）呢~~不是也是从侧面论证了方案的必要吗？比如说：为了不生病，我们要经常锻炼。然后说，如果不锻炼，我们会容易生病。   
个人觉得这论证了方案的必要啊，也就是存在性呀。。。。你觉得呢？

Vivian1091

Lynsey玲 发表于 2013-8-8 22:36
Hi~关于这个问题，我还是不理解呢~~removing therestrictions would hurt efforts to reduce urban unemp ...

之前帖子有个字写错了。是目标的反面。不是反面论证。

Lynsey玲

Vivian1091 发表于 2013-8-8 14:05
removing therestrictions would hurt efforts to reduce urban unemployment. 在这句话里面，
方案是remov ...

Hi~关于这个问题，我还是不理解呢~~removing therestrictions would hurt efforts to reduce urban unemployment这不是从反面论证该方案的必要性吗？如果不限制，就会使城镇的失业率上升。。。

Vivian1091

谢谢谢谢，嘻嘻嘻。我用的是 DUKB的千行excel。我看看哈

Spencer125

Vivian1091 发表于 2013-8-8 22:01
加油。。明天要开始总结了sc。。

还有一份阅读新东方63篇的，逻辑链整理，感觉集中在一起看会挺好。也传给你~~