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Strengthen
1.According to the theory of continental drift, in prehistoric times, many of today’s separate continents were part of a single huge landmass. As the plates on which this landmass rested began to move, the mass broke apart, and ocean water filled the newly created chasms. It is hypothesized, for example, that South America was once joined on its east coast with what is now the west coast of Africa.
Which one of the following discoveries, if it were made, would most support the above hypothesis about South America and Africa?
(A) A large band of ancient rock of a rare type along the east coast of South America is of the same type as a band on the west coast of Africa.
(B) Many people today living in Brazil are genetically quite similar to many western Africans.
(C) The climates of western Africa and of the east coast of South America resemble each other.
(D) Some of the oldest tribes of people living in eastern South America speak languages linguistically similar to various languages spoken by certain western African peoples.
(E) Several species of plants found in western Africa closely resemble plants growing in South America.
2.Medical doctor: Sleep deprivation is the cause of many social ills, ranging from irritability to potentially dangerous instances of impaired decision making. Most people today suffer from sleep deprivation to some degree. Therefore we should restructure the workday to allow people flexibility in scheduling their work hours.
Which one of the following, if true, would most strengthen the medical doctor’s argument?
(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is overwork.
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had greater latitude in scheduling their work hours.
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep they require.
（D) More people would suffer from sleep deprivation today than did in the past if the average number of hours worked per week had not decreased.
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is proportional to the length of one’s workday
3．Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasoline, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Since gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
Each of the following, if true, strengthens the toxicologist’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) Most oil refinery workers who do not work with MBTE do not have serious health problems involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are among the symptoms of several medical conditions that are potentially serious threats to public health.
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing MBTE was first introduced in a few metropolitan areas, those areas reported an increase in the number of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing MBTE is used have a much greater incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath than do similar regions in which only MBTE-free gasoline is used.
(E) The oil refinery workers surveyed were carefully selected to be representative of the broader population in their medical histories prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in other relevant respects.
4. Galanin is a protein found in the brain. In an experiment, rats that consistently chose to eat fatty foods when offered a choice between lean and fatty foods were found to have significantly higher concentrations of galanin in their brains than did rats that consistently chose lean over fatty foods. These facts strongly support the conclusion that galanin causes rats to crave fatty foods.
Which one of the following, if true, most supports the argument?
(A) The craving for fatty foods does not invariably result in a rat's choosing those foods over lean foods.
(B) The brains of the rats that consistently chose to eat fatty foods did not contain significantly more fat than did the brains of rats that consistently chose lean foods.
(C) The chemical components of galanin are present in both fatty foods and lean foods.
(D) The rats that preferred fatty foods had the higher concentrations of galanin in their brains before they were offered fatty foods.
(E) Rats that metabolize fat less efficiently than do other rats develop high concentrations of galanin in their brains.
5.AA
The following appeared as part of a recommendation from the business manager of a department store.
“Local clothing stores reported that their profits decreased, on average, for the three-month period between August 1 and October 31. Stores that sell products for the home reported that, on average, their profits increased during this same period. Clearly, consumers are choosing to buy products for their homes instead of clothing. To take advantage of this trend, we should reduce the size of our clothing departments and enlarge our home furnishings and household products departments.” |
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发表于 2011-9-17 01:36:32
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