【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-1】

daisyの小夢想

不好意思 daisy迟到了 haha 今天开始走到系列2了。最勤奋的bat,糊糊,bala和纳丁有什么感受呢。




1. In January of last year the Moviemania chain of movie theaters started propping its popcorn in canola oil, instead of the less healthful coconut oil that it had been using until then.  Now Moviemania is planning to switch back, saying that the change has hurt popcorn sales.  That claim is false, however, since according to Moviemania’s own sales figures, Moviemania sold 5 percent more popcorn last year than in the previous year.


Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument against Moviemania’s claim?
--GWD3-14


Key: Total sales of all refreshments at Moviemania’s movie theaters increased by less than 5 percent last year.


2.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument below?
Twenty percent of the stores in Morganville's downtown shopping district will fail within five years because they will be competing directly with the SaveMart discount department store newly opened in East Morganville.  The downtown shopping district has lost business at this rate before and has always completely rebounded.  Confidence that it will rebound again from the losses it is now about to suffer is ill founded, however, because __________.
--08prep 77


Key:the stores likely to be put out of business by direct competition from SaveMart are the downtown shopping district's anchor stores , on whose ability to draw shoppers many of the other downtown stores depend
3.
Columnist: A democratic society cannot exist unless its citizens have established strong bonds of mutual trust. Such bonds are formed and strengthened only by participation in civic organizations, political parties, and other groups outside the family. It is obvious then that widespread reliance on movies and electronic media for entertainment has an inherently corrosive effect on democracy.


Which one of the following is an assumption on which the columnist’s argument depends?
--LSAT
Key: Relying on movies and electronic media for entertainment generally makes people less likely to participate in groups outside their families.


4. Medical researcher: As expected, records covering the last four years of ten major hospitals indicate that babies born prematurely were more likely to have low birth weights and to suffer from health problems than were babies not born prematurely. These records also indicate that mothers who had received adequate prenatal care were less likely to have low birth weight babies than were mothers who had received inadequate prenatal care. Adequate prenatal care, therefore, significantly decreases the risk of low birth weight babies.
Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the medical researcher’s argument?
--LSAT
Key: Mothers giving birth prematurely are routinely classified by hospitals as having received inadequate prenatal care when the record of that care is not available.


5. Unlike newspapers in the old days, today’s newspapers and televised news programs are full of stories about murders and assaults in our city. One can only conclude from this change that violent crime is now out of control, and, to be safe from personal attack, one should not leave one’s home except for absolute necessities.
Which one of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the conclusion?
--LSAT
Key: Newspapers and televised news programs have more comprehensive coverage of violent crime than newspapers did in the old days.

小运

1.42‘
con: popcorn sale higher than last year
prem: sale 5% more than last year
bg: M swith the oil to coconut, the sale down, so switch back to oil

2.1'23(最后一句未理解，however 在后面总是要反应一会儿)
con：the confidence to rebound back always
inter con: 20% shoppers will fall when compete with S in ES
premise: 20% shoppers in the downtown fall

3.50'
if de s, then mutual bond. if mutual bond ,then partipation in CO, PO. if medai, then no democracy
con：if no partipation= media

4.50'
premature babies----- low weight
inadequate-----low weight
con: if adequate, no low weight

5.因： newspaper more violence than older
果：to avoid the vio， stay at home
  

大三准备留学

Yvette19 发表于 2013-8-30 03:07
1. 45s
BG1 : 某电影院之前卖的爆米花是用椰子油，不健康。（椰子油 - - 难道是传说中的健康杀手棕榈油？XD ...

Yvette19

1. 45s
BG1 : 某电影院之前卖的爆米花是用椰子油，不健康。（椰子油 - - 难道是传说中的健康杀手棕榈油？XD）
BG2: 去年一月起改用另一种油。
Claim: 但是最近他们又打算用回椰子油，因为他们觉得改用这种油之后吧对爆米花的销量不利。
Argument: 然而他们是错的，因为实际上去年的销售量比前年增加了百分之五。

Strengthen：电影院的整体销售量增加不到百分之五

2. 45s
BG1：这个城市市中心的商场的营业额要下降大概20%，因为未来五年他们要和东边新开的折扣店竞争。
BG2: 通常情况下这种损失比率他们最后还是可以复苏的。
Conclusion: 但是这次这种情况他们再复苏的可能性是没有的。

Premise: 因为。。这次情况严重到必死无疑的程度

3. 55s
专栏作家说:
Premise：一个民主的社会是建立在人民之间的互相信任上的。而这种信任又是基于市民组织，政治党派还有各种家庭之外的组织之上的。
Conclusion: 因此，过分依赖把电影和电子媒体作为娱乐方式，对于民主是木有好处的。

Assumption: 建立这些组织和媒体娱乐相矛盾？

4.  42s
在医院的调查显示：
1. 早产儿比非早产儿普遍体重轻。
2. 母亲收到良好的产前护理，更不易生出体重轻的婴儿。
Conclusion: 因此良好的产前护理能有效降低婴儿体重轻的概率。

Weaken: 孩婴儿是否早产和产前护理无关。

5. 30s
BG:现在的报纸啊电视啊报道的各种暴力袭击事件比过去的报道多了很多。
Sub-Conclusion： 由此可以判断当今的犯罪事件已经不受控制了。
Conclusion： 所以不是非得出门的话还是宅在家里吧！

weaken: old newspapers didn't not report all the crimes

flonacui

1.38s
P:The sales figure shows that M sold 5% more popcorn than before.
C:The popcorn sales  increased because of the switch.
strengthen:Other cinemas experienced a sales drop.
2.58s
P:M has always rebounded before.
C:It is impossible to rebound this time.
complete:This newly opened discount department is superior.
类比推理 原来会rebound现在也会rebound
说明现在和原来所处情况的不同
3.1‘02’‘
info:The success of the democratic society depends on the mutual trust with citizens.
P:participating some kinds of the organization will enhance the democracy
Carticipating some entertainment activities could corosive effect on democracy.
GAParticipating some entertainment activities could inhibit people from participationg the organizations
4.59s
P Women with adquate P are less likely to have low birth weight babies.
c adequate P care significantly reduce the risks of low birth weight baby.
weaken: other factors
结论是经过足够呵护的妈妈比没有经过足够呵护的妈妈生出早产儿的可能性小
削弱：早产儿和妈妈是否经过足够呵护没有关系 生早产儿的妈妈被医院自动分类成没有经过足够呵护
5.38s
P The increase publicity of the murder in newspapers than before.
C The murder is out of control and we could better not go our unless necessary.
weaken: other factors account for the increase publicity. people's open mind

Cybill

1. 45'
P: change oil hurt sales.
P: moviemania is plan to switch back.
C: Figures show that sales 5%more than last year.
虽然只提升了5%，但是比其他的theater都NB，就够了
2.
P: always rebounded last year,
C: confidence this time is hard to found,
3. 40'
P: outside increase democratic society
C: movies and electronic media corrosive effect on democracy
Assumption: inside house = media
4. 38'
P: baby prematurely --- low birth weight ----- hove not adequate prenatal
C: adequate prenatal ---- decrease low birth weight
Weaken: Record is wrong
5. 24'
报道的多了

MiaZhang

像是追美剧一样，从第一季追到了第二季。哈哈！

感觉对逻辑题的把我真的提高了不少~~

先占个座。。快考试的人，作文和JJ走起~~

加油！

大三准备留学

1.一个神马公司把炸爆米花的油换了。。但是今年打算换回去，因为他们说新油没有老油省钱。他们的说法不对，这个公司去年的收入比前年要多。。。

加强反驳：支出去年比前年至少持平或者更少。

2.百分之二十的商店都要关门 由于S打着商场的开门。但是他们都会重新恢复的 就像五年前一样先倒闭在恢复  但是这个结论是不对的 因为：反正和原来有啥子不同吧。。。

3.一个民主的国家需要人们互相信任 互相信任需要社会有团体组织 所以现在的大众媒体的娱乐休闲节目对我们的民主产生了腐蚀作用。。。

假设：娱乐节目会减少团体组织

4.小孩premature就会低体重  母亲怀孕没照料好就会使得小孩低体重 所以良好的照脸会大大减少低体重

削弱：即使良好的照料也会有很多情况导致premature。。

5.不想过去的报纸 现在的报纸和电视节目播报了大量的谋杀伤人事件，能够总结现在治安不好，人们没有绝对必要不要离开自己的住宅

削弱：大部分的某上都是在住宅里发生的。。。或者原来只是没有刊登而已

DREAMNENGNENG

1.    In January of last year the Moviemania chain of movie theaters started propping its popcorn in canola oil, instead of the less healthful coconut oil that it had been using until then.  Now Moviemania is planning to switch back, saying that the change has hurt popcorn sales.  That claim is false, however, since according to Moviemania’s own sales figures, Moviemania sold 5 percent more popcorn last year than in the previous year.

M是卖爆米花的。M换了一种油来生产爆米花。M说我要换回原来的油，因为我的销量下降了。但是上述这种说法是错误的，因为：M今年的销量比去年增加了5%。

推测：以下哪个选项可以支持M的说法  或者  反对作者的说法

销量是上升了，但是成本也上升了，且增加的销量不足以弥补同样上升的成本。

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument against Moviemania’s claim?
--GWD3-14


Key: Total sales of all refreshments at Moviemania’s movie theaters increased by less than 5 percent last year.

Twenty percent of the stores in Morganville's downtown shopping district will fail within five years because they will be competing directly with the SaveMart discount department store newly opened in East Morganville.  The downtown shopping district has lost business at this rate before and has always completely rebounded.  Confidence that it will rebound again from the losses it is now about to suffer is ill founded, however, because __________.

M地区的那些商店将会在S开业的时候纷纷lost businesses；但是这些lost 的business还是会恢复的，因为以前面临过同样的情况。
上述说法是有问题的，因为 S和其他的是不同的。


A. the stores likely to be put out of business by direct competition from SaveMart are the downtown shopping district's anchor stores , on whose ability to draw shoppers many of the other downtown stores depend
Columnist: A democratic society cannot exist unless its citizens have established strong bonds of mutual trust. Such bonds are formed and strengthened only by participation in civic organizations, political parties, and other groups outside the family. It is obvious then that widespread reliance on movies and electronic media for  entertainment has an inherently corrosive effect on democracy.

想要获得民主的生活，人们必须要建立起相互之间的信任。通过参加各种团体，政治的等待，而电子娱乐在人们之间建立起了内在的联系，有助于（corrosive:s是腐蚀的意思）民主社会的建立。

预测：以下可以WEAKEN 作者观点的
电子娱乐建立起来的并不是信任
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the columnist’s argument depends?
--LSAT
Key: Relying on movies and electronic media for entertainment generally makes people less likely to participate in groups outside their families.

Medical researcher: As expected, records covering the last four years of ten major hospitals indicate that babies born prematurely were more likely to have low birth weights and to suffer from health problems than were babies not born prematurely. These records also indicate that mothers who had received adequate prenatal care were less likely to have low birth weight babies than were mothers who had received inadequate prenatal care. Adequate prenatal care, therefore, significantly decreases the risk of low birth weight babies.

P1. 早熟的宝宝比不早熟的宝宝轻
P2. 有care 的妈妈一般较少生早熟的宝宝
结论：care 降低BABY不足重量的风险。

weaken

Mothers giving birth prematurely are routinely classified by hospitals as having received inadequate prenatal care when the record of that care is not available.

因为care不足，那些生了不足月的宝宝的妈妈会被专门分类出来，但是她们之前的care 的记录通常是not available 的，或者说就是说明记录是不可靠的；将Medical 学者得出结论的证据否定掉，就可以起到否定结论的作用啦

Unlike newspapers in the old days, today’s newspapers and televised news programs are full of stories about murders and assaults in our city. One can only conclude from this change that violent crime is now out of control, and, to be safe from personal attack, one should not leave one’s home except for absolute necessities.

因为现在报纸上有关谋杀等负面内容的东西的增加，所以现在比原来的治安差，最好不要出门。
weaken
Which one of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the conclusion?
--LSAT
Key: Newspapers and televised news programs have more comprehensive coverage (更加透彻、深入的报道。)of violent crime than newspapers did in the old days.

[本帖最后由 daisyの小夢想 于 2011-08-27 22:40:50 编辑]
数量 VS 深度和广度

daisyの小夢想

daisy：和bat感觉一样，有时我也会碰到做过的，不过也没有觉得什么，还是试着让自己静下来再重新读一遍，这就好比复习OG，不断地重复，我也没觉得有什么不好。嘿嘿，看大家伙的意见了~~

-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/8/29 11:02:11)

  也对呵 我现在才看到糊糊的回复。题重复的话 我们就简单的重复下去吧 像糊糊说的那样逼着自己像遇到新题那样思考。