GWD-12-Q5 episodic memory 题

cappuccino202

请教GWD12-Q5
GWD-12-Q4 to Q7:
The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals.According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together.Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information.In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another.Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when.Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory.



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Q5:
According to the passage, Clayton’s experiment depended on the fact that scrub jays

A.recall “when” and “where” information more distinctly than “what” information

B.are not able to retain information about a single past event for an indefinitely long period of time

C.choose peanuts over crickets when the crickets have been stored for a long period of time

D.choose crickets over peanuts whenever both are available

E.prefer peanuts that have been stored for a short period to crickets that have been stored for a short period

为什么D不对呢？C不是实验结果吗？depended on the fact 不应该是说实验的前提之类的吗？ Clayton的实验是基于SJ喜欢吃crickets胜过peanuts这个事实，所以不是应该选D吗？

Rofinia

个人意见，觉得这里是说为了得出结论的fact，所以应该是实验结果。

780一次过

看下原文这句话：Clayton's experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.
首先，知道测试的是鸟的这种能力（知道when,where,what）
C：当C被储存了很长一段时间后，选择P而不是C→体现what和when信息的结合
D：当两者都有时，选择C而不是P→体现了鸟的一般偏好（what）但没体现对信息的能力
D本身无法让这个鸟的能力在这个试验中就不能被证明出来，没有任何意义，所以要说实验所depend的fact，C选项更优
C应该有很多人像我一样细节题做多了，上来看到long period与原文a certain length of time不符，但是其实仔细想一下，C变质快，意味着无法长时间保存，common sense：蟋蟀在长时间就没法吃了，C也说得通。

moneyandtata

我觉得这题问的是assumption，所以也选了D，知道C是实验结论，做题的时候就在纠结了。

lixx201409

文章可能想表达前提是首先这鸟喜欢吃新鲜的食物，然后两种食物都新鲜的情况下，这种鸟喜欢crickets而不是peanut，然而cricket变质得比较快。实验结果就是开始吃cricket，一段时间以后，改吃peanut，并且成功记起了哪种食物在哪个地方。

克瑞斯

depend on是啥意思啊 我理解是实验的前提 所以觉得D 是对的啊，这么久了 ，有小伙伴来解释一下这题么？

gxcgy

我也觉得C....

nimabide

但是这个实验结果本身就是个事实啊，而且文中并没有说无论在什么情况下那个鸟都会选择peanuts而不是crikets,并且原文的意思是为了突显这个鸟的这种能力——知道when,where,what,而变质的crikets鸟是不会选择的，因此C突显了这个鸟的这种能力（并且原文的实验结果也确实如此），而D的话，我个人觉得它什么也证明不了啊，如果D本身就成立的话，那么这个鸟的能力在这个试验中就不能被证明出来，没有任何意义啊。

plainn

顶！

mxzhcx

同问啊。。