留儿起杀机，请教NN同位语的那点事！！

xiaoshou523

感觉很晕，同位语可以指代前面整个句子吗，还是只能指代紧跟着的前面的名词？？因为OG 12 48题 a work 在B 选项中指代translation, D E指代 ILiad, 而在83中同位语phenomena又指代整个句子？？？这是怎么回事呢，有点晕，求大牛指点！！！！！！！！

48. In 1713, Alexander Pope began his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until
completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced the greatest translation in any language.
(A) his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced
(B) his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced
(C) his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it as
(D) translating the Iliad, a work that took seven
years until completion and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced it as
(E) translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven
years to complete and literary critic Samuel
Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it


In 2000, a mere two dozen products accounted for
half the increase in spending on prescription drugs,
a phenomenon that is explained not just because of
more expensive drugs but by the fact that doctors are
writing many more prescriptions for higher-cost drugs.
(A) a phenomenon that is explained not just because
of more expensive drugs but by the fact that
doctors are writing
(B) a phenomenon that is explained not just by the
fact that drugs are becoming more expensive
but also by the fact that doctors are writing
(C) a phenomenon occurring not just because of
drugs that are becoming more expensive but
because of doctors having also written
(D) which occurred not just because drugs are
becoming more expensive but doctors are also
writing
(E) which occurred not just because of more
expensive drugs but because doctors have also
written