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Although the earliest surviving Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century B.C., the fact that the text of these Greek inscriptions sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right indicates that the Greeks adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries before these inscriptions were produced. After all, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and presumably, along with the alphabet, they also adopted the then-current Phoenician practice with respect to the direction of text. And although Phoenician writing was originally inconsistent in direction, by the eighth century B.C. Phoenician was consistently written from right to left and had been for about two centuries.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

正确答案: D

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OG12-77,谢谢各位。

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楼主
发表于 2011-2-8 00:12:05 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式
Although the earliest surviving Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century B.C., the fact that the text of these Greek inscriptions sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right indicates that the Greeks adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries before these inscriptions were produced.  After all, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and presumably, along with the alphabet, they also adopted the then-current Phoenician practice with respect to the direction of text.  And although Phoenician writing was originally inconsistent in direction, by the eighth century B.C. Phoenician was consistently written from right to left and had been for about two centuries.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A)  The first and the second each describe evidence that has been used to challenge the position that the argument seeks to establish.
(B)  The first is evidence that forms the basis for an objection to the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is that position.
(C)  The first is evidence that forms the basis for an objection to the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is a consideration that is introduced to counter the force of that evidence.
(D)  The first and the second each provide evidence in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish.
(E)  The first provides evidence in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second is that position.




正确答案是D,不明白第二个粗体部分是如何支持观点的?能给翻译一下么?是18th century B.C.之前就consistently了两个世纪,还是之后consistently了两个世纪?
谢谢各位了!
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12#
发表于 2013-11-23 23:57:03 | 只看该作者
今天也看了这个题,谢谢NN们的解释~~豁然开朗写写自己的理解~~
条件1:希腊人在8BC书写方向忽左忽右
条件2:希腊人从P那里学到了字母的同时,学到了书写方向
条件3:P在8bc的时候,统一书写方向已经有两年了
结论:希腊的符号系统应该比8 bc至少早两年就有了

也就是说,因为希腊人学到的书写方向是乱的,所以希腊人应该是从P还没有统一书写方向的时候学到了P的书写方向,也就是比8bc早两年学会的;因为希腊人同时学到了书写方向字母体系,所以希腊人应该在它学会书写方向的时候学到了字母体系,所以学会的字母体系就是至少早两年~~

11#
发表于 2013-7-19 16:27:02 | 只看该作者
EMMALIULIU 发表于 2012-11-11 19:03
第二次做这题看到自己秀逗的插曲,哈哈~

哈哈,看到这里觉得好搞笑!(注意到了时间)

自己也做过类似的事情,有趣!
10#
发表于 2012-11-18 21:17:39 | 只看该作者
写的太好了 啊 茅塞顿开。
文章的结论是: the Greeks adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries before these inscriptions were produced
证明这个结论的原因:
1. 希腊人在公元八世纪时他的书写方向还是忽左忽右的。
2. 希腊的书写是从P人那里学习来的。如果这样那么希腊人在公园八世纪时应该方向一致才对,因为八世纪后P人早就统一了书写方向了。
所以希腊人的书写方式还要早就应该有了。
9#
发表于 2012-11-11 19:03:59 | 只看该作者
第二次做这题看到自己秀逗的插曲,哈哈~
8#
发表于 2012-5-6 16:03:15 | 只看该作者
楼上的,我觉得是公元前6世纪吧。你都已经纠正翻译错误了,是于8世纪开始养成书写方向一致,而且已经保持了两个世纪。那就是6世纪。
-- by 会员 EMMALIULIU (2011/12/6 23:21:35)



公元前跟公元的计时刚好是反的。。。。公元8世纪的前两个世纪是公元10世纪。公元8世纪的前两个世纪才是公元6世纪。
7#
发表于 2011-12-6 23:21:35 | 只看该作者
楼上的,我觉得是公元前6世纪吧。你都已经纠正翻译错误了,是于8世纪开始养成书写方向一致,而且已经保持了两个世纪。那就是6世纪。
6#
发表于 2011-3-16 14:31:03 | 只看该作者
试回答:
总结论:希腊人至少在此碑铭产生之前两个世纪(即公元前10世纪)就开始用字母书写了
第二个黑体:到公元前8世纪时,腓尼基人一贯都从右至左书写并且已经持续了两年左右
如何支持:到公元前8世纪时,腓尼基人一贯都从右至左书写并且已经持续了两年左右 其目的是想说明希腊人不可能在公元前10世纪之后才开始学腓尼基的字母书写,因为要是公元前10世纪才从腓尼基那里学字母书写的话,就应该是从右至左书写,不会忽左忽右了

供参考~~~~
-- by 会员 huangyouhuifei (2011/2/8 0:34:54)



修正一下,这个翻译有误:到公元前8世纪时,腓尼基人已经采用从右至左书写两个世纪。
也就是说,希腊人是在腓尼基人掌握固定的书写形式前(也就是公元前十世纪)学到的,所有才有左有右。
5#
发表于 2011-2-22 14:44:18 | 只看该作者
好讲解
地板
 楼主| 发表于 2011-2-8 01:48:48 | 只看该作者
我理解了,十分感谢您的翻译和解释!让我茅塞顿开~~~谢谢谢谢~
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