求解求解

bobo1990

The imposition of quotas limiting imported steel will not help the big American steel mills. In fact, the quotas will help “mini-mills” flourish in the United States. Those small domestic mills will take more business from the big American steel mills than would have been taken by the foreign steel mills in the absence of quotas.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the claim made in the last sentence above?
(A) Quality rather than price is a major factor in determining the type of steel to be used for a particular application.
(B) Foreign steel mills have long produced grades of steel comparable in quality to the steel produced by the big American mills.
(C) American quotas on imported goods have often induced other countries to impose similar quotas on American goods.
(D) Domestic “mini-mills” consistently produce better grades of steel than do the big American mills.
(E) Domestic “mini-mills” produce low-volume, specialized types of steels that are not produced by the big American steel mills.


One analyst predicts that Hong Kong can retain its capitalist ways after it becomes part of mainland China in 1997 as long as a capitalist Hong Kong is useful to China; that a capitalist Hong Kong will be useful to China as long as Hong Kong is prosperous; and that Hong Kong will remain prosperous as long as it retains its capitalist ways.
If the predictions above are correct, which of the following further predictions can logically be derived from them?
(A) If Hong Kong fails to stay prosperous, it will no longer remain part of mainland China
(B) If Hong Kong retains its capitalist ways until 1997, it will be allowed to do so afterward.
(C) If there is a world economic crisis after 1997, it will not adversely affect the economy of Hong Kong.
(D) Hong Kong will be prosperous after 1997
(E) The citizens of Hong Kong will have no restrictions placed on them by the government of mainland China.
这题为什么D不可以？

bobo1990

谢谢你的分析     但是第二题还是有点疑惑
第一句说One analyst predicts that Hong Kong can retain its capitalist ways after it becomes part of mainland China in 1997 。
after1997年香港回归，香港可以retain its capitalist。那根据keep capitalist就可以prospects。不就可以推出 D这个选项了吗？疑惑啊~

bdsjb116

第一题的要求找出是对最后一句话“Those small domestic mills will take more business from the big American steel mills than would have been taken by the foreign steel mills in the absence of quotas.”最能削弱的选择。也就是说要找出small domestic mills不会take more business的选项。

A.引出price的概念，但又没有表明price和small mills的关系。无关选项。
B.将foreign steel和big american mills比较，但原文中是big american-small mills-foreign steel之间的关系。也是无关选项
C.C引出其他国家配额的概念，同A是无关选项。
D.mini mills生产的质量比big american mills好，对结论是支持选择。排除。
E.证明了mini mills和big mills相比缺乏竞争力，进而削弱了结论。正解

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第二题是一个循环的推理，包括以下必要条件：
1.只要hk对中国有用，hk就会保留自己的capitalist ways
2.只要hk一直繁荣，则hk就会一直对中国有用
3.只要香港保留自己的capitalist ways，香港就会一直繁荣

关系如下:

retain capitalist ways-prosperous-useful to china-retain capitalist ways

因此只要任何一条条件成立则全都成立。

A.无关选项，错误推理。从2不能推出香港不繁荣，就不会对中国有用，更不能推出不会成为中国大陆的一部分。原命题为真，否命题不一定真。
B.从retain its capitalist until 1997推出hk会一直繁荣，一直对中国有用，一直保留its capitalist=it will be allowed to do so afterward。正解
C.无关选项
D.没有对任意条件的真伪做出判断，无关选项，无法推出任何结论。
E.无关选项