求助一道OG上的逻辑题~

陌下清风

.It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry. This
  does not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young
  adults who are about to get marriage have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life,
  most notably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol.
  Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.
(B) A married person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with
      the same habit who is unmarried.
(C) A person who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage,
      and the same is true for people who drink alcohol  immoderately.
(D) Among people who marry as young adults, most of those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume
      the habit later in life.
(E) Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long
     as those who marry.

这道题选（E），为什么不能选（B）或（D）呢？求解释~求解释~多谢了~

xiaoxiaoniuniu

我也一直没有理解，后来看到这句话“This does not show that marriage causes people to live longer...”，豁然开朗。
读懂题目，正确抓住题目要表达得意思很重要。
与在CR 上痛苦挣扎的同学，共勉。

陌下清风

了解了~多谢ls的两位亲~

jenny0827

.It is true of both men and women that those who marry as young adults live longer than those who never marry. This
  does not show that marriage causes people to live longer, since, as compared with other people of the same age, young
  adults who are about to get marriage have fewer of the unhealthy habits that can cause a person to have a shorter life,
  most notably smoking and immoderate drinking of alcohol.
  Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Marriage tends to cause people to engage less regularly in sports that involve risk of bodily harm.
(B) A married person who has an unhealthy habit is more likely to give up that habit than a person with
      the same habit who is unmarried.
(C) A person who smokes is much more likely than a nonsmoker to marry a person who smokes at the time of marriage,
      and the same is true for people who drink alcohol  immoderately.
(D) Among people who marry as young adults, most of those who give up an unhealthy habit after marriage do not resume
      the habit later in life.
(E) Among people who as young adults neither drink alcohol immoderately nor smoke, those who never marry live as long
     as those who marry.

这道题选（E），为什么不能选（B）或（D）呢？求解释~求解释~多谢了~

-- by 会员 陌下清风 (2010/8/4 14:13:23)

本题属于演绎题的支持型，逻辑关系是：
结论：marriage 不是 live longer的原因
论据：要结婚的人刚好不健康的习惯比较少

支持题只要找到支持结论的一个原因就好，比如提干中的论据，就是支持结论的原因之一，对于解题来说只是作为参考，选择选项还是主要针对结论

A  说的是marriage使人少参与容易受伤的运动，部分支持结论的否命题即结婚是live longer的原因，不对
B  说的是结婚的人更容易放弃不健康的习惯，还是支持结论的否命题，不对
C 无关
D 在年轻时就结婚的那部分人里，大多数在婚后放弃了不健康习惯的人没有重新染上那些习惯，还是部分支持结论的否命题，不对
E 在不吸烟不抽烟的人里面，没有结婚的和结婚的活得一样久，说明live longer和结不结婚没啥关系，支持结论

maikikiuu

这题我也想过好久哇。
但是我后来仔细研究了一下，其实原文的意思是说 导致长寿的原因不是结婚而是fewer unhealthy habits。
（原文说发现marry as adult的人比较长寿，但是不是因为结婚而长寿，是因为marry as adult的人have fewer unhealthy habits。因此原文的意思是：fewer unhealthy habits导致长寿）
看清楚原文之后，就很清楚知道(E)选项才是唯一支持这个结论的。