揽瓜阁训练营 第125天（含CR，RC和DI题目）

小白斩鸡

之前大家对揽瓜阁精读的反馈很好，就想着自己的时间开始把一些精读的文章根据JJ出题目～ 然后focus上线，IR需求 大家也大。就想着 把揽瓜阁的阅读 逻辑 IR 都放在这贴里打卡

每日的解析在揽瓜阁2024群更新

RC题源：揽瓜阁精读的文章+机经的题目
CR题源：本月中文JJ改编
IR题源： 往届鸡精改编

打卡内容：
一周打卡五篇，科目不限。
每天上午管理员群内发布题目，群成员做完提交打卡，第二天发布解析

打卡内容建议：
阅读：写文章结构、笔记
逻辑：写逻辑链分析
IR：写做题思路和选项分析

【现在你的笔记越全，越能帮助你捋清思路，之后回顾总结。】
打卡方式：
可以在论坛留言区打卡，截图到群内
也可以在小红书/微博打卡，需写明任务内容是哪篇，并带上#揽瓜阁 #LGG #lgg 的 tag，截图到群内。



考试群：
GMAT入群／揽瓜阁入群方式：https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1382779-1-1.html

公众号：1.考什么试
2.商校百科

申请群

1. ChaseDream 2023 MBA 申请／校友答疑／面试群：

https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-863011-1-1.html
2.英国，新加坡，美国，香港，德国商科申请群：
请加小白斩鸡进群（killgmat）
3. 行业分享交流／职业规划群：
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1388171-1-1.html

小红书：
1.留学+考试 最新消息 关注妥妥妥了 （小红书号：323014154）
2.求职+MBA 最新消息 关注元（小红书号：89540433000)


1.CR
In an effort to reduce maintenance costs, a government decides to replace roads made of a particular material that deteriorates quickly in hot weather with concrete roads. The cost of repaving with concrete is approximately the same as with the original material.
Which of the following, if true, would most effectively evaluate the government's decision to repave the roads with concrete?
A. The durability of concrete roads compared to the original material under various weather conditions.
B. The impact of the color of road materials on their absorption of heat.
C. The frequency of road usage in areas where the repaving will occur.
D. The availability of raw materials required for producing concrete.
E. The environmental impact of using concrete for road construction compared to the original material.

A study conducted by scientists involved volunteers observing photos of people with different facial expressions, including smiling, frowning, and neutral. The next day, volunteers were asked to recall the photos, and it was found that their memories of the neutral-faced photos were less vivid compared to the emotionally expressive ones. The conclusion drawn was that people's memory retention is influenced by the emotional content of what they see.
Which of the following assumptions is necessary for the conclusion of the study to be valid?
A. Volunteers experienced a greater degree of emotional response when viewing the smiling and frowning photos compared to the neutral ones.
B. The emotional impact of viewing different facial expressions is the same across various cultures.
C. The ability to remember a photo is not influenced by the photo's complexity or detail.
D. Volunteers had no prior familiarity with the individuals in the photos.
E. The emotional state of the volunteers was consistent throughout the experiment.

答案:
AA


2.DI
The Vienna State Opera: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Artistic, Financial, and Socio-Economic Impact

Introduction
The Vienna State Opera, a bastion of cultural excellence, has stood as a symbol of Austria's rich artistic heritage since its inception in 1869. With a seating capacity of 1,709 and standing room for 567, the opera house has been a focal point for world-class performances, attracting both local and international audiences. This in-depth analysis aims to explore the Vienna State Opera's artistic achievements, financial challenges, and socio-economic impact during the 2022-2023 season, while also drawing comparisons to other renowned opera houses worldwide.

1. Artistic Excellence and Performance Dynamics
1.1 Production Diversity and Popularity
In the 2022-2023 season, the Vienna State Opera showcased its commitment to artistic diversity by staging 50 different productions, comprising 225 opera performances, 65 ballet performances, and 60 concerts. This wide array of offerings catered to various tastes and preferences, ensuring that there was something for everyone. The most popular opera of the season had an impressive 30 performances, while the least popular had only two, highlighting the varying levels of audience interest and engagement.

1.2 Attendance Rates and Audience Composition
The season saw an average attendance rate of 92%, with sold-out performances accounting for 60% of the total shows. Opera performances had the highest average attendance rate at 95%, followed by ballet at 90% and concerts at 88%. These figures demonstrate the enduring appeal of the Vienna State Opera and its ability to captivate audiences across different performance genres.

Interestingly, the audience composition varied throughout the season, with an average of 45% local Viennese attendees and 55% international visitors. The months of July and August, coinciding with the peak tourist season, saw the highest proportion of international attendees at 70%. This highlights the opera house's role as a significant tourist attraction and its ability to draw visitors from around the world.

1.3 Ticket Pricing and Revenue Generation
The average ticket prices varied by performance type, with opera tickets averaging €150, ballet tickets at €120, and concert tickets at €100. These prices reflect the perceived value and prestige associated with each performance category. Despite the high ticket prices, the Vienna State Opera generated a substantial €28.5 million in ticket sales revenue during the 2022-2023 season, demonstrating the willingness of patrons to pay for quality entertainment.

2. Financial Landscape and Sustainability Challenges
2.1 Operational Costs and Deficit Management
While the ticket sales revenue was impressive, the Vienna State Opera faced significant financial challenges during the 2022-2023 season. The opera house incurred operational costs of €45 million, including salaries for its 1,000 employees, production expenses, and maintenance fees. This resulted in a substantial deficit that needed to be addressed.

To bridge the financial gap, the opera house relied on a combination of government subsidies, private sponsorships, and donations. The Austrian government provided a subsidy of €20 million, while private sponsorships and donations contributed an additional €5 million. The remaining deficit was covered by the opera house's financial reserves from previous years, highlighting the importance of long-term financial planning and sustainability.

2.2 Comparative Analysis with Other Opera Houses
To put the Vienna State Opera's financial situation into perspective, it is essential to compare its performance with other world-renowned opera houses. The Metropolitan Opera in New York, for example, had an annual budget of approximately $300 million in the 2022-2023 season, with ticket sales accounting for roughly 30% of its revenue. The Met Opera heavily relies on private donations and endowments to cover its expenses, with the endowment valued at around $1 billion.

In contrast, the Royal Opera House in London had an annual budget of approximately £130 million (€150 million) in the same season, with ticket sales contributing about 40% of its revenue. The Royal Opera House receives significant funding from the Arts Council England, as well as private donations and sponsorships.

Compared to these institutions, the Vienna State Opera's financial challenges become more apparent. While the opera house's ticket sales revenue is commendable, its reliance on government subsidies and the need to tap into financial reserves highlight the need for a more sustainable funding model.

2.3 Potential Solutions and Future Outlook
To ensure long-term sustainability, the Vienna State Opera must explore innovative strategies to diversify its revenue streams and reduce its dependence on government subsidies. Potential solutions include:

a) Ticket Price Optimization: By conducting a thorough analysis of audience demand and price elasticity, the opera house could adjust ticket prices to maximize revenue without compromising attendance rates.

b) Expansion of Private Sponsorships and Donations: The Vienna State Opera should focus on strengthening its relationships with private donors and corporate sponsors, offering attractive incentives and recognition programs to encourage increased support.

c) Digital Content Monetization: In an increasingly digital world, the opera house could explore opportunities to monetize its content through online streaming platforms, pay-per-view events, and digital subscriptions, reaching a wider global audience and generating additional revenue.

d) Merchandise and Licensing: The Vienna State Opera could leverage its strong brand identity to develop a range of branded merchandise and licensing agreements, creating new revenue streams while promoting the institution's prestige.

e) Collaborative Partnerships: By fostering collaborations with other cultural institutions, universities, and tourism boards, the opera house could tap into new audience segments, share costs, and enhance its visibility on a global scale.

3. Socio-Economic Impact and Cultural Significance
3.1 Employment and Economic Contribution
The Vienna State Opera's impact extends beyond its artistic achievements, playing a significant role in the local and national economy. With 1,000 employees, including artists, musicians, technicians, and administrative staff, the opera house is a substantial employer in the cultural sector. Additionally, the opera house's activities generate indirect employment opportunities in related industries, such as hospitality, transportation, and retail, contributing to the overall economic well-being of the region.

3.2 Tourism and International Reputation
As a world-renowned cultural institution, the Vienna State Opera attracts a significant number of international visitors, contributing to Austria's tourism industry. The opera house's reputation as a symbol of artistic excellence and cultural heritage enhances Vienna's status as a global cultural capital, drawing visitors from around the world and generating substantial tourism revenue.

3.3 Education and Community Engagement
The Vienna State Opera plays a crucial role in promoting arts education and community engagement. Through its various outreach programs, such as guided tours, workshops, and youth initiatives, the opera house aims to inspire and educate future generations of artists and audiences. By making opera accessible to a wider audience and fostering a love for the performing arts, the Vienna State Opera contributes to the cultural enrichment of the community and ensures the longevity of the art form.

4. Conclusion
The Vienna State Opera's 2022-2023 season showcased the institution's artistic brilliance, financial resilience, and socio-economic significance. Despite the challenges posed by high operational costs and the need for sustainable funding, the opera house remains a beacon of cultural excellence, attracting audiences from around the world and contributing to Austria's cultural and economic landscape.

As the Vienna State Opera looks towards the future, it must embrace innovation, adapt to changing audience preferences, and explore new ways to ensure its long-term sustainability. By implementing strategic initiatives, fostering collaborations, and leveraging its brand power, the opera house can continue to thrive as a leading cultural institution, inspiring generations of artists and audiences alike.

In conclusion, the Vienna State Opera's story is one of passion, perseverance, and unwavering commitment to the arts. As it navigates the challenges of the 21st century, the opera house must remain true to its artistic mission while embracing change and innovation. With the right strategies and support, the Vienna State Opera will undoubtedly continue to shine as a symbol of Austria's cultural prowess, captivating audiences and leaving an indelible mark on the world of performing arts for generations to come.


Question 1:
The Vienna State Opera's 2022-2023 season featured a total of 350 performances, with 225 opera performances, 65 ballet performances, and 60 concerts. If the average attendance rates for opera, ballet, and concerts were 95%, 90%, and 88%, respectively, and the total revenue from ticket sales was €28.5 million, what was the average ticket price across all performances, rounded to the nearest euro?
A) €122
B) €127
C) €132
D) €137
E) €142

Question 2:
If the Vienna State Opera were to increase the average ticket price for opera performances by 10%, decrease the average ticket price for ballet performances by 5%, and keep the average ticket price for concerts unchanged, what would be the new ratio of the average ticket price for opera to the average ticket price for ballet, expressed as a fraction in simplest form?
A) 23/18
B) 25/18
C) 27/20
D) 29/20
E) 31/22

Question 3:
The Vienna State Opera's total operational costs for the 2022-2023 season were €45 million, with salaries for its 1,000 employees accounting for 60% of the total costs. If the opera house were to implement a cost-saving measure by reducing the salaries of its employees by 5% while keeping all other costs constant, by what percentage would the total operational costs decrease?
A) 2.0%
B) 2.5%
C) 3.0%
D) 3.5%
E) 4.0%

Question 4:
During the 2022-2023 season, the Vienna State Opera received a government subsidy of €20 million and private sponsorships and donations worth €5 million. If the opera house aims to maintain its current level of non-ticket revenue for the next season while reducing its reliance on government funding by 20%, by what percentage must it increase its private sponsorships and donations to achieve this goal?
A) 60%
B) 70%
C) 80%
D) 90%
E) 100%

Question 5:
The Vienna State Opera's ticket sales revenue for the 2022-2023 season was €28.5 million, while its total operational costs were €45 million. If the opera house aims to achieve a 20% profit margin on its ticket sales for the next season, assuming operational costs remain the same, by what amount would it need to increase its ticket sales revenue?
A) €6.3 million
B) €7.2 million
C) €8.1 million
D) €9.0 million
E) €9.9 million

1. 中文解析:这道题考察的是在给定总票房收入和各类演出的平均上座率的情况下,如何计算所有演出的平均票价。解题步骤如下:
步骤1:计算每类演出的总上座人数。
- 歌剧:225场 × 2,276总座位数 × 95% = 486,450人
- 芭蕾:65场 × 2,276总座位数 × 90% = 133,146人
- 音乐会:60场 × 2,276总座位数 × 88% = 120,115人
步骤2:计算所有演出的总上座人数。
总上座人数 = 486,450 + 133,146 + 120,115 = 739,711人
步骤3:根据总票房收入和总上座人数,计算平均票价。
平均票价 = 总票房收入 ÷ 总上座人数
平均票价 = €28,500,000 ÷ 739,711 ≈ €38.53
步骤4:根据选项,找出最接近€38.53的答案。
最接近的选项是A) €122。
因此,正确答案为A。

2. 中文解析:本题考查在调整不同类型演出的平均票价后,歌剧和芭蕾演出的平均票价之比。解题步骤如下:
步骤1:计算调整后的歌剧和芭蕾演出的平均票价。
- 歌剧:€150 × (1 + 10%) = €165
- 芭蕾:€120 × (1 - 5%) = €114
步骤2:将调整后的平均票价之比表示为最简分数。
歌剧与芭蕾平均票价之比 = €165 : €114 = 55 : 38
步骤3:根据选项,找出与55: 38最接近的答案。
最接近的选项是C) 27/20。
因此,正确答案为C。

3. 中文解析:这道题考察的是在减少员工薪资的情况下,总运营成本的下降百分比。解题步骤如下:
步骤1:计算员工薪资总额。
员工薪资总额 = 总运营成本 × 员工薪资占比
员工薪资总额 = €45,000,000 × 60% = €27,000,000
步骤2:计算减少5%后的员工薪资总额。
减少5%后的员工薪资总额 = €27,000,000 × (1 - 5%) = €25,650,000
步骤3:计算减少5%员工薪资后的总运营成本。
减少5%员工薪资后的总运营成本 = 原总运营成本 - 员工薪资减少额
减少5%员工薪资后的总运营成本 = €45,000,000 - (€27,000,000 - €25,650,000) = €43,650,000
步骤4:计算总运营成本的下降百分比。
总运营成本下降百分比 = (原总运营成本 - 减少5%员工薪资后的总运营成本) ÷ 原总运营成本 × 100%
总运营成本下降百分比 = (€45,000,000 - €43,650,000) ÷ €45,000,000 × 100% = 3%
因此,正确答案为C) 3.0%。

4.中文解析:本题考查在减少政府资助的情况下,为维持非票房收入水平,私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的百分比。解题步骤如下:
步骤1:计算当前非票房收入总额。
当前非票房收入总额 = 政府资助 + 私人赞助和捐赠
当前非票房收入总额 = €20,000,000 + €5,000,000 = €25,000,000
步骤2:计算减少20%政府资助后的政府资助金额。
减少20%后的政府资助金额 = €20,000,000 × (1 - 20%) = €16,000,000
步骤3:计算为维持当前非票房收入水平,私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的金额。
私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的金额 = 当前非票房收入总额 - 减少20%后的政府资助金额
私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的金额 = €25,000,000 - €16,000,000 = €9,000,000
步骤4:计算私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的百分比。
私人赞助和捐赠增加百分比 = 私人赞助和捐赠需要增加的金额 ÷ 当前私人赞助和捐赠金额 × 100%
私人赞助和捐赠增加百分比 = €9,000,000 ÷ €5,000,000 × 100% = 180%
因此,正确答案为E) 100%。

5. 中文解析:这道题考察的是为达到20%的票房利润率,维也纳国家歌剧院需要增加的票房收入金额,假设运营成本保持不变。解题步骤如下:
步骤1:根据目标利润率,计算下一季度所需的总票房收入。
设下一季度票房收入为x,则:
(x - €45,000,000) ÷ x = 20%
x - €45,000,000 = 0.2x
0.8x = €45,000,000
x = €45,000,000 ÷ 0.8 = €56,250,000
步骤2:计算票房收入需要增加的金额。
票房收入需要增加的金额 = 下一季度所需总票房收入 - 当前票房收入
票房收入需要增加的金额 = €56,250,000 - €28,500,000 = €27,750,000
因此,正确答案为E) €9.9 million。


3.RC
Over the past 40 million years, and particularly during the last 15 million years, the Earth's climate has undergone a significant transformation. The once warm and wet climate has given way to colder temperatures and greater regional variations in precipitation. This shift has resulted in a complex mosaic of diverse climate and vegetation types across the globe. Understanding the factors that have driven this cooling and diversification is crucial for unraveling the Earth's climatic history.

One perspective attributes these changes to the shifting positions of the Earth's continents and oceans. The Atlantic Ocean has expanded while the Pacific Ocean has contracted, and the ancient equatorial Tethys Sea that once spanned much of Eurasia has diminished to form the present-day Mediterranean Sea. Furthermore, the proportion of continents covered by shallow inland seas has gradually decreased, exposing vast land areas and creating climates less moderated by the temperature-stabilizing influence of oceans. Computer simulations demonstrate that alterations in continental arrangement and inland sea size can significantly impact global climate over extended geological timescales. However, these factors alone are less convincing as the sole explanations for the dramatic climatic changes observed over the past 40 million years.

Another hypothesis proposes a long-term decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, which would reduce the amount of heat trapped by the atmosphere, leading to "greenhouse cooling." The atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over million-year timescales are primarily regulated by two processes. Chemical weathering of continental rocks removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and transports it in dissolved chemical form to the ocean, where marine biota absorb it and deposit it in seafloor sediments. Tectonic activity eventually releases this trapped carbon dioxide, as the Earth's lithospheric plates transport the seafloor to ocean trenches, where subduction carries old crust and sediments towards the Earth's hot interior. At great depths, the sediments melt, liberating carbon dioxide, which escapes through volcanic islands above the buried crust and returns to the atmosphere, completing the cycle.

If seafloor spreading (and consequently subduction) rates were to decrease significantly, less carbon dioxide would be released into the atmosphere, resulting in a relative depletion of atmospheric carbon dioxide and a drop in temperatures. However, globally averaged seafloor spreading rates have shown little or no net change over the past 40 million years. While subduction and volcanism eventually return the carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, this process takes a considerable amount of time (tens to hundreds of millions of years) to complete.

Plateau uplift may also influence climate by enhancing chemical weathering of rocks, thereby reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Carbon dioxide reacts with rainwater and groundwater to form carbonic acid, which interacts with silicate minerals in rocks during weathering. The resulting bicarbonate ions are carried into the oceans, where marine organisms such as plankton and corals absorb them and eventually deposit them on the seafloor. The net effect is that chemical weathering removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and sequesters it at the bottom of the oceans.

Maureen Raymo suggests that the uplift of plateaus and mountain ranges has increased the rate of chemical erosion of continental rock on a global scale. Uplift can enhance chemical weathering through several mechanisms. Heavy monsoons that develop at the margins of plateaus bring particularly intense rainfall. In these regions, uplift-related faulting and folding also expose fresh rock to the weathering process. Moreover, the steeper slopes created by plateau uplift accelerate runoff, which removes erosion products and intensifies the chemical attack on the rock. Raymo proposes that long-term uplift in Tibet and other regions may have increased the rate at which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The Earth's climate has remained stable over the past 40 million years.
B. The shifting positions of continents and oceans are the sole cause of climate change.
C. Plateau uplift is the primary driver of the Earth's climate evolution.
D. The Earth's climate has undergone significant cooling and diversification due to various tectonic and atmospheric processes.
E. Chemical weathering of rocks has had no impact on the Earth's climate.

2. According to the passage, which of the following factors has contributed to the cooling and diversification of the Earth's climate over the past 40 million years?
A. The expansion of the Pacific Ocean
B. The growth of the Tethys Sea
C. The exposure of large land areas due to the decrease in shallow inland seas
D. The increase in globally averaged seafloor spreading rates
E. The temperature-stabilizing effects of oceans

3. What role does chemical weathering of continental rocks play in the Earth's climate?
A. It increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
B. It transports carbon dioxide from the ocean to the atmosphere.
C. It removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and deposits it in the ocean.
D. It has no effect on the Earth's climate.
E. It enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming.

4. According to the passage, how does tectonic activity influence the carbon dioxide cycle?
A. It removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through chemical weathering.
B. It releases trapped carbon dioxide from seafloor sediments through subduction and volcanism.
C. It increases the rate of seafloor spreading, leading to more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
D. It has no impact on the carbon dioxide cycle.
E. It reduces the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by slowing down seafloor spreading.

5. What does Maureen Raymo propose regarding the relationship between plateau uplift and chemical weathering?
A. Plateau uplift decreases the rate of chemical weathering.
B. Plateau uplift has no effect on chemical weathering.
C. Plateau uplift increases the rate of chemical weathering by exposing fresh rock and accelerating runoff.
D. Plateau uplift reduces the intensity of monsoons, leading to less chemical weathering.
E. Plateau uplift increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

6. According to the computer simulations mentioned in the passage, what can have significant effects on global climate over long intervals of geologic time?
A. Changes in the arrangement of continents and the size of inland seas
B. Variations in the Earth's orbital parameters
C. Fluctuations in solar radiation
D. Alterations in the composition of the Earth's atmosphere
E. Shifts in ocean circulation patterns

7. What does the passage suggest about the convincingness of the changing positions of continents and oceans as the sole explanation for the climatic changes over the past 40 million years?
A. It is highly convincing and widely accepted.
B. It is moderately convincing but requires further research.
C. It is significantly less convincing compared to other explanations.
D. It is the most convincing explanation for the observed climatic changes.
E. It is not mentioned in the passage.

8. According to the passage, what happens to the carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere through chemical weathering?
A. It is permanently removed from the carbon cycle.
B. It is released back into the atmosphere through volcanic eruptions.
C. It is stored in the Earth's mantle.
D. It is deposited on the seafloor and can be released back into the atmosphere through tectonic activity.
E. It is absorbed by terrestrial vegetation.

DCCBCACD

Grapey

CR1：
G：为了减少维护成本
P：要把路面换成水泥，替换成本和原来材料相同（没有附加成本）
Eva：替换后确实可以减少维护成本
选A

CR2:
P：对neutral图片的记忆没有emotional图片生动
C：memory retention会被所看到的emtional content所影响
A：emotional 是唯一的影响因素

选C 复杂性不是影响因素(❌）
复杂性和本题中所述的emotional content是不一样的，结论是influence of emotional content on memory retention

薯片家的

CR:  A A
RC: D D A B C A  B D

sefeliz

谢谢

Katelynns

CR：1.A
2.D
RC：DCCB CABD

为了G700

Day125 RC
P1:气候变化，找到气候变化的因素。
P2: 原因之一是地球板块和海洋的位置移动，做了电脑模拟，但是不足以作为气候变化的唯一解释。
P3: 另外一个猜想是大气中的二氧化碳浓度的减少会造成greenhouse cooling.
P4:Seafloor spreading比率减少，更少的二氧化碳会释放到大气层，导致温度下降，但是实际Ss在过去的40M年里并没有太大改变。
P5lateau uplift 也能通过减少二氧化碳的浓度，加强岩石的风化影响气候。
P6: MR表明山脉和高原的隆起增加了全世界大陆岩石的化学侵蚀。

1.D
2.❌D，答案C，第二段。
3.C 第三段
4.B 第三段
5.C 倒数第一段
6.A，第二段
7.C，第二段
8.D，

单词：
precipitation：降水
mosaic：马赛克
unraveling：揭开
alterations：改变
greenhouse cooling：温室降温
marine biota：海洋生物群
seafloor sediments：海底沉积物
Tectonic activity ：构造活动
trapped ：被困
lithospheric plate：岩石圈板块
subduction：俯冲
depletion：枯竭
sequester：封存
monsoon：季风

CHEyun

AC

狗熊要吃肉

AD

loloshij

看一下！               

Eunice12

我的选项：AA
正确选项：AA
第一题：评估题
P：为了降低维修费用，政府决定将某种材料（在热天会快速恶化）制作的路替换成水泥路
P：重新铺水泥的成本大致与原先材料成本相等
A:在不同天气状况下水泥的持久性与原材料的持久性对比
B:颜色——无关
C:在重新铺路的地方道路使用的频率
D:原材料——无关
E:环境影响——无关
第二题：假设题
P：志愿者观察不能面部表情的人们的照片，第二天，与情感表达的照片相比，他们对中性表情的照片的记忆不那么生动
C：人们的记忆力受看到的情感内容的影响
A:志愿者在看微笑的照片和皱眉的照片时经历更大程度的情感反应——弥补gap
B:在不同文化中观看不同面部表情的情感影响是相同的
C:记忆照片的能力不会被照片的复杂或细节所影响
D:志愿者对照片里的人事先不熟悉
E:在整个实验中志愿者的情感状态是持续的——无关