240 aquatic ape theory
P1: H:newborn babies can swim and float. 提出:1.Ancestors walking upright is to keep head above water and freed up hands to use tools. 2. hairless ape is a characteristic of aquatic mammals. 3. layer of fat beneath skin which is different form other primates 4.profusion(丰富,充沛)of sweat glands(汗腺)
P2: “aquatic ape” theory never provoked
P3: south Wales DM 36years later started support aquatic-ape theory. M: we are fattest primates by far and our babies are only ones born fat.
main idea: hardy's theory that human aquatic origin and unpopularity of it. em, a dramatist, wanted to prove it is true
structure:
p1. hardy stated that the watery movement caused the excellent swimming capability and the swimming and floating capabilities of newborn babies
-human is naked ape: similar to some aquatic mammals
-sweat glands: keep cool out of water
-walk upright: keep the head above water - free hands -use tools
p2. the author's attitude included: hardy's theory didn't inspire discussion and only one work has been published
p3. em tried to prove the conclusion of hardy
-author's attitude: dramatist
-human is fattest with 10 times fat cells of any animal of our size
new words:
extend argument: 发展论述
profusion: 丰富 profusion of sweat gland 丰富的汗腺
240.aquatic ape theory
主题:自然科学——动物;类型:理论评价
文章主旨:抨击水猴子理论
文章结构:介绍水猴子理论——描述学术届对该理论的不屑——陈述一个外行人对该理论的支持
文章大意:
P1 介绍Hardy的水猴子理论
Hardy:搬到水环境可以解释我们杰出的游泳能力和新生儿会游泳和漂浮的现象。水环境还会促使我们的祖先开始直立行走,这样可以让它们的头部置于水面。于是这也释放了它们的手,使得它们可以使用工具——也许像加州水獭一样用石头敲开贝类。Hardy还注意到我们是裸猿,失去毛发也是一些水栖哺乳动物的特征。许多这样的生物的皮肤下有一层脂肪——这是另一个区分我们和其它灵长类的特点。我们身上打量的汗腺可以平衡这层脂肪,当我们离开水的时候可以保持凉爽。