• Astronomers: find systems
○ Imaged: like solar system
○ Yet: differ
§ First example: 51 P
□ Planet mass> Jupitar's; orbit < that of Mercury
§ HD40307
□ 3 planets: 4-10* Earth mass; orbit< 50% Mercury's
§ 55 C
□ More than 5 planets
□ MASS:10-10000
□ Orbit: 1/10 mercury's—jupiter's
§ Not sunlike: can orbit themseles
○ Solar system: not the most common
§ 1st discovery: unsunlike
□ PSR1257+12
® Steller corpse: Packs a mass > sun's
® Supernova explosion: violent
◊ No planets can survive
® Radius > 1AU
® Remains: form a disk
◊ Bithing grounds
} e.g. sun
– Material→pancake shape
w Dust and gas :coagulate
® By dectect deviations
◊ Bcz: planets pull on the star
§ No other camparable system
□ Pulsar: PSR 1620
® But orbit too far
◊ Not form in a disk
◊ But captured from another star
1. Suspicion: there exists systems similar to solar system. Since 15 years ago, the findings have showed massive differences from solar system. Taking three examples to prove the point above.
2. In fact, variety is common thing in the universe. Solar systems might not be the most common in the universe
3. a very special neutron star PSR 1257+12, which survives in the massive explosion of a star 20 times the mass of the sun.
4. During the explosion of supernova, most of their debris had been ejected into interstellar space, a small amount of remnants would form as disk, which is the ground of planet. Some cloud and dust would settled into a pancake shape rather than falling to the newborn sun.
Astronomers keep tracking the periodic radio pulses due to periodically shifting