• warming: mini-ice age
○ Result from: appearance of rivers of freshwater
§ Suspect: C02↑→melting arctic ice
• Fresh water trend
○ [BOB] L sea: salinity↓ & temperature↓
§ largest changes in record
○ Subvert the northern penetration
§ Gulf Stream: heat to air
□ Europe: 36°>same latitude
□ Americans and Canadians: warmer
§ Stream water: be denser & sinks
□ Thermohaline circulation
® Power deep water
§ But North Atlantic: less dense→cool water:not sink
□ Like a thermal blanket
® Threat thermohaline circulation
® Gulf Stream: veer south
§ Transition point: new state
□ e.g. heavy precipitation& melting ice
First reading:
1. Present a phenomenon & potential reasons
2. Trends
3. Further details about trend ( giving up heat)
4. Then cold water
5. Author's result & suddenly twist
Main idea: present and explain an view/ phenomenon
Second reading:
1. Warming could be the culprit of next mini-ice age. It's the result of north Atlantic of huge rivers of freshwater. The prime source of freshwater is melting arctic ice, which caused by carbon dioxide
2. BD sounded an alarm in February conference, an alarm that salinity and temperature are decreasing in the labrador sea.
3. GS soaked up in the tropics—— Meander up the eastern andflows northward —— heat to air——Gulf stream water penetrate northern area ——not only affects european but alao so us and canada
4. Cooler water becomes denser and sinks into north atlantic. But as the NA fills with freshwater, it grows less dence, hence the new fresh water sits on top of ocean. Above makes GS slow or veer southward
The mini-ice age is forthcoming.